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      Sebaran Jenis Karang Lunak dan Asosiasinya Dengan Komunitas Bentik Terumbu Karang di Selat Dampier, Kabupaten Raja Ampat

      Distribution of Soft Coral Species and Their Associations with Benthic Coral Reef Communities in Dampier Strait, Raja Ampat Regency

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      Date
      2024
      Author
      Alfarabi, Farrel Muhammad
      Adriani
      Subhan, Beginer
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      Abstract
      Selat Dampier merupakan Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Daerah di Kabupaten Raja Ampat, yang berada di jantung wilayah segitiga karang sehingga memiliki keanekaragaman biota penyusun ekosistem terumbu karang yang tinggi. Salah satu biota tersebut adalah karang lunak, namun informasi sebaran jenisnya masih terbatas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui keanekaragaman genus dan sebaran karang lunak dan mengkaji hubungannya dengan komunitas bentik terumbu karang di perairan Selat Dampier. Metode pengambilan data yang digunakan adalah Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) menggunakan transek berukuran 50 cm x 50 cm, yang dilakukan di 9 titik stasiun dengan masing-masing stasiun diambil sebanyak 50 foto. Nilai dari persentase tutupan karang diolah menggunakan software Coral Point Count with Excel extention (CPCe). Correspondence Analysis digunakan sebagai metode analisis data menggunakan perangkat lunak Rstudio. Komunitas bentik terumbu karang Selat Dampier didominasi oleh karang keras dengan kondisi ekosistem berkisar buruk-baik. Karang lunak yang teridentifikasi dari 9 stasiun pengamatan mencapai 826 koloni dari 19 genus dan 7 famili. Nephtheidae dan Nephthea merupakan famili dan genus dengan jumlah koloni terbanyak. Ada asosiasi antara komunitas karang lunak dan karang keras sebagai penyusun komunitas bentik terumbu karang terkait kondisi ekosistemnya. Karang lunak menjadi komponen bentik yang menyediakan habitat dan menggantikan karang keras di beberapa lokasi yang kondisi terumbu karangnya buruk (Stasiun 2, 7 dan 9), namun di lokasi dengan kondisi baik (Stasiun 5) maka bisa terjadi kompetisi ruang antara dua kategori bentik tersebut.
       
      Dampier Strait is a Regional Marine Protected Area in Raja Ampat region, which is located in the heart of the coral triangle area, so it has a high diversity of biota that make up the coral reef ecosystem. One of these biota is soft coral, but information on its species distribution is still limited. The purpose of this study was to determine the genus diversity and distribution of soft corals and examine their relationship with benthic coral reef communities in the waters of Dampier Strait. The data collection method used was Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) using transects measuring 50 cm x 50 cm, which was carried out at 9 station with each station taken as many as 50 photos. The value of coral cover percentage was processed using Coral Point Count with Excel extension (CPCe) software. Correspondence Analysis was used as the data analysis method using Rstudio software. The benthic community of Dampier Strait coral reefs is dominated by hard corals with ecosystem conditions ranging from poor to good. Soft corals identified from 9 observation stations reached 826 colonies from 19 genera and 7 families. Nephtheidae and Nephthea are families and genera with the highest number of colonies. There is an association between soft coral and hard coral communities as constituents of coral reef benthic communities related to the condition of the ecosystem. Soft corals become benthic components that provide habitat and replace hard corals in some sites with poor reef conditions (Stations 2, 7 and 9), but in sites with good conditions (Station 5) there can be competition for space between the two benthic categories.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/159097
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      • UT - Marine Science And Technology [2093]

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