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      Identifikasi Karakter Morfo-Agronomi pada 16 Famili Half-sib Jagung Manis (Zea mays var. saccharata Sturt.)

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      Date
      2024
      Author
      Ikhsan, Nurman Maulana
      Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi
      Marwiyah, Siti
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      Abstract
      Jagung manis (Zea mays var. saccharata Sturt.) merupakan komoditas hortikultura penting. Kekhasan dari jagung manis adalah bijinya yang manis yang disebabkan oleh gen mutan resesif. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumsi, dibutuhkan upaya peningkatkan produktivitas. Program pemuliaan tanaman diawali dengan evaluasi keragaman genotipe. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari keragaman genetik dari karakter morfo agronomi pada 16 genotipe jagung manis half-sib family. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan September 2023 sampai Januari 2024 di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo, Dramaga, Bogor, Jawa Barat. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak faktor tunggal dengan empat ulangan. Genotipe jagung manis yang diuji terdiri atas 17 genotipe jagung manis dan 1 pembanding. Terdapat keragaman genotipe terhadap seluruh karakter kecuali anthesis silking interval, bobot tongkol kupasan, padatan terlarut total, panjang biji, lebar biji, kadar air, bobot 1000 biji, dan rendemen. Produktivitas menunjukkan korelasi positif dengan karakter luas daun dan bobot tongkol kupasan serta korelasi negatif dengan tongkol busuk. Analisis dendrogram membagi 18 genotipe jagung manis menjadi lima klaster utama. Genotipe dengan potensi produktivitas dan tingkat kemanisan yang baik adalah genotipe B11 x SB12.1.2B dan L2 x SM12. Terdapat beberapa karakter yang memiliki nilai heritabilitas yang tinggi dan dapat dijadikan pertimbangan dalam seleksi.
       
      Sweet corn (Zea mays var. saccharata Sturt.) is an important horticultural commodity. The unique feature of sweet corn is the sweet seeds caused by recessive mutant gene. To fulfill consumption needs, it is necessary to increase sweet corn productivity. Plant breeding programs begin with an evaluation of genetic diversity. The research aimed to study genetic variability on morpho-agronomic traits in 16 half-sib families of sweet corn. The research was conducted from September 2023 to January 2024 at Leuwikopo Experimental Station, Dramaga, Bogor, West Java. The research used a single-factor randomized complete block design with four replications. The sweet corn genotypes evaluated consisted of 17 test genotypes and one checks variety. There was variability in all traits except anthesis silking interval, cob weight, total soluble solids, seed length, seed width, moisture content, 1000 seed weight, and yield. Yield had a positive correlation with leaf area and hulled cob weight and a negative correlation with cob rot. Dendrogram analysis divided 18 sweet corn genotypes into five main clusters. Genotypes with the potential to produce good yield and sweetness are B11 x SB12.1.2B and L2 x SM12. There are several characters with high heritability estimates and can be considered in selection.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/157860
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      • UT - Agronomy and Horticulture [7620]

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