Optimalisasi Kinerja UMKM Melalui Adopsi E-Payment dan E-Commerce: Studi Kasus Sektor Pertanian dan Nonpertanian

Abstract

UMKM terus didorong untuk masuk ke ekosistem bisnis digital sejalan dengan perkembangan transaksi melalui layanan e-payment dan e-commerce di masyarakat. Namun, terdapat kesenjangan digitalisasi pada UMKM sektor pertanian dan nonpertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh adopsi e-paymentdan e-commerce terhadap kinerja UMKM serta melihat perbedaan pengaruh yang ditimbulkan terhadap sektor pertanian dan nonpertanian. Analisis menggunakan data 550 UMKM terdiri dari 110 sektor pertanian dan 440 sektor nonpertanian di seluruh Indonesia dengan metode analisis cross-tabulation dan SEM-PLS. Pada sektor nonpertanian terdapat pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung yang positif dan signifikan dari penggunaan e-payment dan e-commerce terhadap kinerja UMKM. Sedangkan pada sektor pertanian, e-payment tidak berpengaruh signifikan secara langsung terhadap kinerja UMKM, tetapi pengaruhnya secara tidak langsung dimediasi oleh e-commerce. Oleh karena itu, perlu ada sinergi dan integrasi yang kuat antara layanan e-payment dan e-commerce dalam mendorong produktivitas dan kinerja UMKM baik di sektor pertanian maupun nonpertanian.

MSMEs are encouraged to enter the digital business ecosystem in line with the development of transactions through e-payment and e-commerce services in society. However, there is a digitalization disparity in MSMEs in the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. This study aims to look at the effect of e-payment and e-commerce adoption on MSME performance and see the differences in the effects on the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. The analysis used data from 550 MSMEs consisting of 110 agricultural sectors and 440 non-agricultural sectors throughout Indonesia with cross-tabulation and SEM-PLS analysis methods. In the non-agricultural sector, there are positive and significant direct and indirect effects of the use of e-payment and e-commerce on the performance of MSMEs. Meanwhile, in the agricultural sector, e-payment does not have a significant effect directly on the performance of MSMEs, but its effect is indirectly mediated by e-commerce. Therefore, there needs to be strong synergy and integration between e-payment and e-commerce services in encouraging the productivity and performance of MSMEs in both the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors.