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      Analisis Praktik Rent-Seeking pada Aktivitas Impor Daging Sapi di Indonesia

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      Date
      2024
      Author
      Yasser, Muhammad Salman
      Nindyantoro
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      Abstract
      Domestic beef production has average deficit 200 to 300 thousand tons to consumer demand. To address this deficiency, the government, under regulation of PP 4/2016, has adopt the policy of importing boneless frozen beef. One of the notable issues within this industry is rent seeking activities. The period used in this research is President Joko Widodo's administration in 2014-2022 to assess the efficiency of cattle farming management, test the effectiveness of beef import policies for price stabilization, and analyze the various act of rent-seeking. The methods used are ICOR, ARCH/GARCH, and content analysis. The research results showed that investment improvidence in livestock sector amounted to 17.28 trillion rupiah. The best model is ARCH(1), shows that prices does not stable as evidenced by the high level of volatility with an ARCH coefficient 2,627021. Nine conspiracy of rent-seeking were found, namely: 1) Bribery/Gratification of Political Party; 2) Bribery/Gratification of Constitutional Judges regarding beef import policy; 3) Imports of beef from countries that are not yet free from PMK; 4) Manipulative agreement; 5) Distribute government budgets based on constituent regions, not production centers; 6) Illegal import; 7) Cartelization; 8) Sales above the price set by the government; and 9) Blended import-beef (oplosan).
       
      Produksi domestik rata-rata kekurangan 200 hingga 300 ribu ton daging sapi terhadap permintaan masyarakat. Pemerintah melalui PP 4/2016 memilih kebijakan impor daging sapi beku tanpa tulang untuk pemenuhan tersebut. Permasalahan pada industri ini yaitu terdapat perburuan rente. Periode waktu yang digunakan yaitu masa pemerintahan Presiden Joko Widodo 2014-2022 dengan tujuan menilai efisiensi pengelolaan peternakan sapi, menguji efektifitas kebijakan impor daging sapi untuk stabilisasi harga, dan menganalisis modus operandi perburuan rente. Metode yang digunakan yaitu ICOR, ARCH/GARCH, dan content analysis. Hasil penelitian didapatkan pemborosan penggunaan investasi di sektor peternakan berjumlah 17,28 triliun rupiah. Model terbaik yaitu ARCH(1) menunjukkan harga tidak stabil dibuktikan dari tingkat volatilitas tinggi dengan koefisien ARCH 2,627021. Ditemukan sembilan modus operandi yaitu: 1) Suap/Gratifikasi Ketua Partai; 2) Suap/Gratifikasi Hakim Konstitusi; 3) Impor daging sapi dari negara PMK; 4) Kerjasama Manipulatif; 5) Mengalirkan anggaran proyek berdasarkan daerah konstituen, bukan sentra produksi; 6) Impor ilegal; 7) Kartelisasi; 8) Penjualan diatas harga yang ditetapkan pemerintah; dan 9) Daging sapi oplosan.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/156784
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      • UT - Resources and Environmental Economic [2336]

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