Pengelolaan Perkebunan Pisang Cavendish dengan Aspek Khusus Kecepatan dan Sebaran Shooting dan Panen di PT. Agro Prima Sejahtera, Provinsi Lampung

Abstract

Permintaan masyarakat terhadap buah pisang terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun, sementara produksi pisang di Indonesia masih tidak berkelanjutan dengan kualitas yang masih di bawah standar. Pisang Cavendish merupakan salah satu jenis pisang yang dibudidayakan secara intensif dan komersial. PT. Agro Prima Sejahtera (PT. APS) yang terletak di Kabupaten Lampung Timur merupakan salah satu perusahaan yang memproduksi pisang Cavendish dengan teknik budidaya sistem ratun sepanjang tahun. Kegiatan magang bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan mengenai budidaya sistem ratun terutama mempelajari pola kecepatan shooting (awal mula dari fase generatif, berupa munculnya rangkaian bakal buah pisang pisang yang masih terbungkus oleh seludang yang didahului dengan munculnya daun bendera yang berukuran lebih kecil dari daun normal), sebaran keluar jantung dan panen pisang Cavendish. Kegiatan magang dilaksanakan sejak Janurari hingga Mei 2022. Kegiatan magang yang dilakukan di PT. APS telah meningkatkan wawasan dan keterampilan terkait teknik budidaya sistem ratun pada Pisang Cavendish. Kecepatan, sebaran shooting, dan panen dipengaruhi oleh teknik budidaya yang terdiri atas keseragaman bibit, kesuburan lahan, ketepatan pemupukan, dan pengendalian gulma serta hama dan penyakit. Produksi tertinggi terjadi pada generasi 2, diikuti oleh generasi 1, dan generasi 3. Perbedaan pada ketiga generasi dipengaruhi oleh asal tanaman, kondisi dan adaptasi lingkungan, serta teknis budidaya.

The demand for bananas continues to increase from year to year, while banana production in Indonesia is still unsustainable and with quality that is still below standard. Cavendish bananas is a type of banana that’s cultivated intensively and commercially. PT. Agro Prima Sejahtera, located in East Lampung Regency, is one of companies that produces Cavendish bananas using ratoon cultivation techniques throughout the year. The internship activity aims to increase knowledge and skills regarding the ratoon cultivation system, especially studying Cultivation techniques which influences the pattern of shooting (the beginning of the generative phase, in the form of the appearance of a series of banana ovaries still wrapped in a sheath, which is preceded by the emergence of flag leaf which are smaller than normal leaves) speed and distribution, and the harvest of Cavendish bananas to obtain the best quality fruit and produce high production. Internship activities are carried out from January to May 2022. Internship activities carried out at PT. APS has increased insight and skills regarding the ratoon system cultivation techniques for Cavendish bananas. Speed, distribution of shooting and harvest are influenced by cultivation techniques consisting of uniformity of seeds, soil fertility, accuracy of fertilization, and control of weeds as well as pests and diseases. The highest shooting and production occurred in generation 2, followed by generation 1, and generation 3. Differences in the three generations are influenced by plant origin, environmental conditions and adaptation, as well as cultivation techniques.