Strategi Pencegahan Penurunan Mutu Ikan Tongkol di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Tegalsari, Tegal
Date
2024Author
Cendania, Elena
Kurniawati, Vita Rumanti
Novita, Yopi
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Penanganan pasca penangkapan yang buruk dapat meningkatkan kandungan
histamin pada ikan tongkol melebihi batas toksik, sehingga dikhawatirkan dapat
membahayakan konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan
penanganan ikan tongkol, mengidentifikasi mutu ikan tongkol, menganalisis faktor
penyebab penurunan mutu ikan tongkol, serta merumuskan strategi pencegahan
penurunan mutu ikan tongkol. Data pada penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui
observasi langsung, wawancara, dan kuesioner, kemudian dianalisis secara
deskriptif menggunakan analisis organoleptik untuk mengidentifikasi mutu ikan
tongkol, serta analisis diagram fishbone untuk menentukan faktor penyebab
penurunan mutu ikan tongkol. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penanganan ikan
tongkol di PPP Tegalsari belum memenuhi persyaratan jaminan mutu, sehingga
menyebabkan menurunnya mutu ikan tongkol pada rantai terakhir penanganan ikan
tongkol, yaitu di depot ikan. Penyebab penurunan mutu ikan tongkol diidentifikasi
berdasarkan lima aspek, yaitu tenaga kerja, metode, material, sarana, dan
lingkungan. Dari kelima aspek tersebut, dihasilkan sebelas faktor penyebab
penurunan mutu ikan tongkol. Dari sebelas faktor tersebut, terdapat sepuluh
rumusan strategi pencegahan penurunan mutu ikan tongkol, meliputi pelatihan dan
penyuluhan CPIB, pengawasan aktivitas penanganan ikan, penerapan good fish
handling, pengadaan aliran air bersih, pelayanan es, pembersihan area penanganan
ikan, penggunaan atap atau penutup, pengadaan sarana distribusi yang layak,
penyuluhan kepada paguyuban buruh angkut, serta pengadaan, perbaikan, dan
perawatan peralatan penanganan ikan. Poor post-harvest handling can increase histamine levels in skipjack tuna
beyond toxic limits, posing a potential risk to consumers. This study aims to
describe the handling of skipjack tuna, identify its quality, analyze the factors
causing the decline in skipjack tuna quality, and formulate strategies to prevent this
decline. Data for this study were collected through direct observation, interviews,
and questionnaires, and then analyzed descriptively using organoleptic analysis to
identify skipjack tuna quality, and fishbone diagram analysis to determine the
factors causing the decline in skipjack tuna quality. The study shows that the
handling of skipjack tuna at Tegalsari Coastal Fishing Port does not meet quality
assurance requirements, leading to a decline in skipjack tuna quality at the final
stage of handling, specifically at the fish depot. The causes of the decline in skipjack
tuna quality were identified based on five aspects: man, methods, materials,
machine, and environment. From these five aspects, eleven factors causing the
decline in skipjack tuna quality were identified. Based on these eleven factors, ten
strategies were formulated to prevent the decline in skipjack tuna quality, including
good fish handling training and counseling, monitoring fish handling activities,
implementing good fish handling practices, providing clean water supply,
establishing an ice service program, cleaning the fish handling area, using
covers/shades, providing proper distribution facilities, educating the labor union,
and procuring, repairing, and maintaining fish handling equipment.