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      Analisis Strategi dalam Mengurangi Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca Pada Budidaya Padi di Indonesia

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      Date
      2024
      Author
      Fathia
      Raswatie, Fitria Dewi
      Hadianto, Adi
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      Abstract
      Aktivitas budidaya padi adalah salah satu penyumbang emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) berupa gas metana terbesar. Padi merupakan tanaman penghasil beras sebagai bahan pangan utama yang dikonsumsi oleh sebagian besar masyarakat Indonesia. Seiring bertambahnya jumlah penduduk, maka kebutuhan produksi dan konsumsi beras akan meningkat. Hal tersebut juga akan terus meningkatkan konsentrasi GRK di Indonesia. Konsentrasi GRK yang terus bertambah memiliki dampak negatif bagi lingkungan berupa perubahan iklim yang dipicu oleh peningkatan suhu permukaan bumi. Dalam upaya penanganan terhadap ancaman perubahan iklim tersebut indonesia berkomitmen untuk mengurangi emisi GRK melalui dokumen NDC (National Determine Contribution) yang disusun pada Perjanjian Paris tahun 2015. Oleh karena itu diperlukan upaya untuk mengurangi emisi GRK pada aktivitias budidaya padi dengan tetap mempertimbangkan tingkat produksi padi di Indonesia. Pertimbangan itu mengingat pangan utama masyarakat Indonesia yang berasal dari tanaman padi harus tetap terpenuhi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan proyeksi pada hasil produksi padi menggunakan metode ARIMA akan mengalami peningkatan sebesar 5.774,60 Kiloton atau meningkat sekitar 12% dari tahun 2020. Hasil proyeksi peningkatan tersebut diikuti oleh proyeksi peningkatan emisi GRK sebesar 161,67 Kiloton meningkat sebanyak 7,17%. Oleh karena itu diperlukan alternatif upaya yang dapat mengurangi emisi GRK namun tetap mempertahankan peningkatan produksi padi. Alternatif upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi tingkat emisi dari budidaya padi menggunakan analisis studi adalah (1) pemilihan teknik budidaya rendah emisi, (2) pemilihan varietas tanaman padi rendah emisi, (3) pemilihan musim tanam, (4) pemilihan pupuk dan bahan organik yang akan digunakan pada proses budidaya padi.
       
      Rice cultivation activities are one of the largest contributors to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the form of methane gas. Rice is a rice-producing crop as the main food consumed by most Indonesians. As the population increases, the need for rice production and consumption will increase. It will also continue to increase GHG concentrations in Indonesia. GHG concentrations that continue to grow have a negative impact on the environment in the form of climate change triggered by an increase in the earth's surface temperature. In an effort to deal with the threat of climate change, Indonesia is committed to reducing GHG emissions through the NDC document prepared in the Paris Agreement in 2015. Therefore, efforts are needed to reduce GHG emissions in rice cultivation activities while considering the level of rice production in Indonesia. This consideration is considering that the main food of the Indonesian people derived from rice plants must still be fulfilled. The results showed projections on rice production using the ARIMA method would increase by 5,774.60 Kilotons or an increase of around 12% from 2020. The projected increase was followed by a projected increase in GHG emissions by 161.67 Kilotons, an increase of 7.17%. Therefore, alternative efforts are needed that can reduce GHG emissions while still maintaining an increase in rice production. Alternative efforts that can be made to reduce the level of emissions from rice cultivation using the Study analysis are (1) selection of low-emission cultivation techniques, (2) selection of low-emission rice plant varieties, (3) selection of planting seasons, (4) selection of fertilizers and organic matter to be used in the rice cultivation process.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/152682
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      • UT - Resources and Environmental Economic [2336]

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