Karakteristik Perikanan Bagan Perahu yang Berbasis di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Carocok (Tarusan), Sumatera Barat

Abstract

Bagan perahu merupakan alat tangkap dominan yang beroperasi di perairan sekitar PPP Carocok (Tarusan). Hal ini berpotensi mempengaruhi ekosistem, khususnya ikan terget di daerah penangkapan ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan karakteristik perikanan bagan perahu yang berbasis di PPP Carocok (Tarusan), Pesisir Selatan; dan menganalisis ikan target dan tingkat trofik hasil tangkapan bagan perahu di lokasi studi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bagan perahu di perairan Carocok (Tarusan) memiliki dua kelompok ukuran yaitu > 21 GT dan ≤ 21 GT. Ikan target tangkapan bagan perahu ≤ 21 GT adalah ikan teri (Stolephorus commersonnii) dan bagan perahu > 21 GT adalah ikan tongkol (Auxis thazard) dan ikan layang biru (Decapterus macarellus). Pola pertumbuhan ikan teri bersifat alometrik negatif, sementara ikan tongkol memiliki sifat isometrik. Ukuran layak tangkap ikan teri sebesar 65,7% tertangkap, ikan tongkol sebesar 65% tertangkap, dimana didominasi oleh tingkat trofik ke 3 (omnivora yang cenderung pemakan hewan) pada hasil tangkapannya.

Boat-operated lift nets is the dominant fishing gear operating in the fishing ground of the fisher based in the coastal fishing port of Carocok (Tarusan). It potentially affects the ecosystem, mainly fish targets in the fishing ground. This study aims to describe the characteristics of the boat-operated lift nets fishery based at the coastal fishing port of Carocok (Tarusan), Pesisir Selatan; and to analyze fish target and trophic levels caught by the boat in the study area. The results of this study showed that the boat-operated lift nets in the waters had two size groups of the fishing vessels, namely > 21 GT and ≤ 21 GT. The target fish caught by boat-operated lift nets ≤ 21 GT was commerson's anchovy (Stolephorus commersonnii), while > 21 GT was frigate tuna (Auxis thazard) and mackerel scad (Decapterus macarellus). The commerson's anchovy growth pattern in the study area indicated a negative allometric, while frigate tuna was isometric. About 65.7% of the commerson's anchovy catch was higher than biological allowable catch size (length at first maturity), while the frigate tuna was about 65% of the total caught. Additionally, the catch of the boat-operated lift net was dominated by the group of fish in the trophic level 3 (omnivores with a preference for animals).