Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Perikanan Baronang (Siganus sp.) di Perairan Teluk Mamuju, Sulawesi Barat

Abstract

Tingginya intensitas penangkapan ikan baronang di perairan Mamuju dikhawatirkan dapat mengganggu kestabilan dan pertumbuhannya. Hasil analisis spasial interaksi karakteristik habitat membuktikan bahwa lokasi DPI nelayan baronang di perairan Teluk Mamuju merupakan area nursery ground yaitu tutupan karang dan lamun, terutama area pinggir perairan pada kedalaman 1-2 m. Sehingga dominan hasil tangkapan nelayan berukuran juvenil karena merupakan daerah asuhan ikan baronang berukuran muda. Hasil tangkapan ikan baronang yang ditemukan di perairan Teluk Mamuju ada 3 jenis yaitu ikan baronang lingkis (Siganus canaliculatus) dengan nilai Lm 181,3 mm, ikan baronang batik (Siganus vermiculatus) dengan nilai Lm 177,1 mm dan ikan baronang totol (Siganus guttatus) dengan nilai Lm 204,2 cm. Sebaran layak tangkap ikan baronang secara berurutan yaitu 23,49%, 28,09% dan 16,73%. Status pemanfaatan ikan baronang lingkis, batik dan totol secara berurutan memiliki nilai SPR sebesar 19%, 20% dan 9%. Namun, nilai estimasi SPR ini bersifat sementara dikarenakan kualitas data yang diperoleh sangat terbatas sehingga tidak mampu merepresentasikan secara valid stok populasi ikan baronang di lokasi studi sesuai parameter SPR.

The high intensity of Siganids fishing in Mamuju waters potentially threatens the sustainability of its stock. The spatial analysis results of the interaction of habitat characteristics indicate that the location of Siganids fishing ground in Mamuju Bay waters is a nursery grounds, namely coral and seagrass beds, particularly an area of 1-2 m water depth. As a consequence, the catches were dominated by juvenile sized Siganids fish. There were three species of baronang fish found in Mamuju Bay waters, namely white-spotted spinefoot (Siganus canaliculatus) with a length at first maturity (Lm) value of 181.3 mm, vermiculated spinefoot (Siganus vermiculatus) with an Lm value of 177.1 mm, and orange-spotted spinefoot (Siganus guttatus) with an Lm value of 204.2 cm. The distribution of biological allowable catch size (> Lm size) of the fishes were 23.49%, 28.09%, and 16.73%, respectively. The stock status of S. canaliculatus, S. vermiculatus, and S. gutatus was unsustainable, as indicated by the Spawning potential ratio (SPR) values of 19%, 20%, and 9%, respectively. However, this SPR estimation value is still an initial indicator because the quantity of available data was limited. Thus, it could not represent the Siganids fish population in the study site according to the SPR parameter.