Sintesis Partikel Nanobesi dengan Bioreduktor Polifenol dari Ekstrak Kulit Delima Merah

Abstract

Partikel nano besi (nZVI) digunakan dalam proses remediasi lingkungan dan pengolahan air baku. Reduktor NaBH4 yang digunakan dalam sintesis nano besi menghasilkan material yang mudah teroksidasi dan beraglomerasi. Penggunaan polifenol sebagai bioreduktor menghasilkan material yang lebih stabil. Penelitian ini bertujuan menyintesis nZVI dengan reduktor NaBH4 (C-nZVI), polifenol dari ampas teh dan kulit delima (G-nZVI), membandingkan kualitas pada masing-masing nZVI, serta menentukan efektivitas G-nZVI kulit delima mendegradasi bahan organik terlarut. Sintesis material nano besi menggunakan metode reduksi garam FeCl3 dalam pelarut air. Material C-nZVI yang dihasilkan berupa serbuk hitam sedangkan G-nZVI berupa serpihan hitam. Nilai band gap energi ketiga material memprediksi ukuran yang nano. Ketiga material memiliki semua gugus sebagai kesatuan utuh nZVI. Difraktogram difraksi sinar-X pada ketiga material belum memperlihatkan fase kristal secara jelas. Distribusi dan rerata ukuran partikel G-nZVI kulit delima lebih baik daripada G-nZVI ampas teh. Nilai potensial zeta membuktikan kedua material G-nZVI bersifat stabil dalam pelarut air. Degradasi optimum bahan organik terlarut, yakni 98% oleh G-nZVI kulit delima dicapai setelah dua jam inkubasi.

Nano zero valent iron (nZVI) has been used in environment remediating and raw water processing. NaBH4 reductor, used in iron nanoparticle synthesis, produced easily oxidised and agglomerate material. Using polyphenol as a bioreductor produced a more stabilised material. This study aims to synthesise nZVI using NaBH4 (C-nZVI), polyphenol from spend tea and pomegranate peel (G-nZVI) reductors, compare the quality of each material, and determine the effectiveness of dissolved organic matter reduction by pomegranate peel G-nZVI. The iron nanoparticle was synthesised by the method of FeCl3 salt reduction in a water solvent. C-nZVI material was produced as a black powder while G-nZVI materials were black flakes. The band gap energy values of those three materials predict that materials had reached the nano size. All three materials had intact nZVI unitary groups. X-ray diffractogram did not clearly show the core phase crystals. Distribution and mean of material size of the pomegranate peel G-nZVI was better than spend tea G-nZVI. Both zeta potential G-nZVI attest that the materials were stable in the water medium. Optimum dissolved organic matter degradation, namely 98%, by G-nZVI pomegranate peel was reached after two hours of incubation.