Isolasi, Identifikasi, dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Minyak Asiri Daun dan Rimpang Temu Mangga (Curcuma mangga)

Abstract

Minyak asiri temu mangga yang berasal dari Kebun BALITTRO Cibinong belum pernah diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi, mengidentifikasi kandungan senyawa kimia, dan menganalisis aktivitas antibakteri minyak asiri daun dan rimpang temu mangga. Minyak asiri diisolasi menggunakan metode distilasi uap. Kandungan senyawa kimia dalam minyak asiri diidentifikasi menggunakan kromatografi gas–spektrometri massa. Aktivitas antibakteri diuji dengan metode difusi cakram terhadap Escherichia coli dan Salmonella typhi. Rendemen minyak asiri daun temu mangga adalah 0,051% berdasarkan bobot kering sampel, sedangkan pada minyak asiri rimpang diperoleh 0,17% berdasarkan bobot basah sampel. Kesamaan senyawa kimia dalam kedua minyak asiri tersebut ialah humulena, 3,7,11-trimetil-2,6,10-dodekatriena-1-ol, isoaromadendrena epoksida, dan (E,E)-3,7-dimetil-10-(1-metiletiliden)-3,7- siklodekadiena-1-on. Minyak asiri daun dan rimpang temu mangga tidak menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri pada konsentrasi (500.000; 10.000; 5000; 2500) µg/mL terhadap E. coli dan S. typhi. Kata kunci: antibakteri, GC-MS, minyak asiri, temu mangga

Mango turmeric essential oils from BALITTRO Garden Cibinong have never been studied. This study aims to isolate and identify chemical compounds and analyze the antibacterial activity of mango turmeric leaves and rhizomes essential oils. Essential oils are isolated using the steam distillation method. The chemical compounds in essential oils were identified using gas chromatography- mass spectrometry. The disc diffusion method determined the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. The yield of mango turmeric leaves essential oils was 0,051% based on the dry weight of the sample, while the rhizomes essential oil was 0,17% based on the wet weight of the sample. The chemical compounds that are the same in both essential oils are humulene, 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatriene-1-ol, isoaromadendrene epoxide, and (E,E)- 3,7-dimethyl-10-(1-methylethylidene)-3,7-cyclodecadiene-1-one. Mango turmeric leaves and rhizomes essential oils did not show antibacterial activity at concentrations (500.000; 10.000; 5000; 2500) µg/mL against E. coli and S. typhi. Keywords: antibacterial, essential oils, GC-MS, mango turmeric