SINTESIS SURFAKTAN ALKANOLAMIDA (FADEA) BERBASIS REFINED BLEACHED DEODORIZED PALM OIL (RBDPO) DAN DIETANOLAMINA DENGAN TEKNIK MIKROGELOMBANG

Abstract

RIZKY BAGUS SAJIWO. Sintesis Surfaktan Alkanolamida (FADEA) Berbasis Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) dan Dietanolamina dengan Teknik Mikrogelombang. Dibimbing oleh MOHAMMAD KHOTIB dan HENNY PURWANINGSIH. Indonesia dikenal sebagai produsen minyak sawit terbesar kedua di dunia. Salah satu produk turunan kelapa sawit, yaitu refined bleached deodorized palm oil (RBDPO) yang dapat disintesis menjadi surfaktan asam lemak dietanolamida (FADEA). Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan surfaktan asam lemak dietanolamida (FADEA) dari RBDPO dan dietanolamina dengan teknik sintesis berbantuan mikrogelombang serta karakteristik dan kinerjanya sebagai pembusa. Hasil Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) menunjukkan bahwa sintesis FADEA telah berhasil. Namun, spektrum FTIR FADEA yang disintesis pada waktu 15 menit masih terdapat puncak serapan dari ester yang menunjukkan bahwa sintesis belum berjalan sempurna. Sampel FADEA memiliki nilai asam lemak bebas dan pH yang sesuai dengan FADEA komersil. Namun, nilai dari amina bebas dan total amida tidak memenuhi nilai standar FADEA komersil berdasarkan spesifikasi Texas No. 180-54-02B. Uji busa dilakukan pada ketiga sampel FADEA yang menghasilkan persentase stabilitas busa sebesar 87−100%. Uji emulsi menunjukkan bahwa emulsi FADEA bertipe w/o.

RIZKY BAGUS SAJIWO. Synthesis of Alkanolamide Surfactant (FADEA) From Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) and Diethanolamine Using Microwave Technique. Supervised by MOHAMMAD KHOTIB and HENNY PURWANINGSIH. Indonesia is known as the second largest palm oil producer in the world. One of the palm oil derivative products, namely refined bleached deodorized palm oil (RBDPO) which can be synthesized into diethanolamide fatty acid surfactant (FADEA). This study aims to obtain diethanolamide fatty acids (FADEA) using microwave techniques with various times of 15, 20, and 25 minutes. The results of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that the synthesis of FADEA was successful. However, the FTIR spectrum of FADEA which was synthesized at 15 minutes still had an absorption peak from the ester indicating that the synthesis was not running perfectly. FADEA samples had free fatty acid values and pH in accordance with commercial FADEA. However, the values of free amine and total amide did not meet commercial FADEA standards based on Texas specification No. 180-54-02B. The foam test was carried out on the three FADEA samples which resulted in a foam stability percentage of 87−100%. The emulsion test showed that the FADEA emulsion was w/o type.