Analisis Kelayakan Pengelolaan dan Pengolahan Sampah Plastik Rumah Tangga Menjadi Paving Block (Studi Kasus: Kampung Kebon Kopi, Desa Cibanteng, Kabupaten Bogor)

Abstract

Rumah tangga yang terletak di Kampung Kebon Kopi terbiasa membakar sampah plastik akibat tidak adanya Tempat Pembuangan Akhir Sementara (TPAS). Untuk itu, kegiatan pengangkutan sampah plastik rumah tangga untuk diolah menjadi paving block merupakan salah satu bentuk implementasi konsep 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) yang dapat mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi kesediaan masyarakat membayar jasa pengelolaan (iuran) sampah plastik rumah tangga, menganalisis kelayakan finansial agar usaha yang dilakukan dapat berjalan secara layak, serta mengetahui dampak ekonomi dan lingkungan yang dapat timbul. Metode yang digunakan meliputi Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) melalui Willingness to Pay (WTP), analisis kelayakan usaha dengan Net Present Value (NPV), Net Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), dan Payback Period (PP) sebagai indikator, serta analisis deksriptif. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa nilai rata-rata WTP rumah tangga belum mampu untuk mendorong mereka melakukan pemilahan sampah, sehingga penetapan iuran berdasarkan nilai WTP minimum dipilih sebagai alternatif yang paling sesuai. Selain itu, hasil analisis kelayakan finansial skenario II dengan menerapkan iuran pengangkutan sampah rumah tangga menunjukkan bahwa proyek pengolahan sampah plastik menjadi paving block layak dijalankan. Terdapat juga potensi dampak yang timbul berupa munculnya lapangan kerja baru dan pengurangan emisi di udara.

Households in Kebon Kopi Village are accustomed to burning plastic waste due to the absence of a Temporary Final Disposal Site (TPAS). Therefore, the activity of transporting household plastic waste to be processed into paving blocks is one form of implementing the concept of 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) that can address this problem. This research aims to estimate the willingness of the community to pay for household plastic waste management services (fees), analyze the financial feasibility to ensure that the business conducted can operate properly, and identify the potential economic and environmental impacts. The methods used include the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) through Willingness to Pay (WTP), business feasibility analysis using Net Present Value (NPV), Net Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Payback Period (PP) as indicators, as well as descriptive analysis. The research results indicate that the average value of WTP of households is not yet able to encourage them to sort waste, so the determination of fees based on the minimum WTP value is chosen as the most appropriate alternative. Furthermore, the results of the financial feasibility analysis for scenario II which includes the implementation of household waste transportation fees indicate that the project of processing plastic waste into paving blocks is feasible. There is also the potential for impacts such as the emergence of new job opportunities and the reduction of air emissions.