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      Keragaman dan Kolonisasi Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula (CMA) pada Kultur Trapping Martabe, Sumatra Utara

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      Date
      2023
      Author
      Maulani, Nail Izzatul
      Nampiah
      Yulandi, Adi
      Tanio, Ruli
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      Abstract
      Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula (CMA) adalah kelompok cendawan mikoriza yang bersimbiosis secara mutualisme dengan akar tanaman. Studi mengenai keanekaragaman CMA pada ekosistem hutan di wilayah tropis Indonesia masih terbatas dan eksplorasi CMA secara langsung dari rizosfer alami sering diperoleh hasil yang relatif rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan informasi mengenai keragaman dan kolonisasi CMA pada rizosfer hutan Martabe, Sumatra Utara melalui kultur trapping. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membuat kultur trapping menggunakan tanaman Sorghum vulgare dan Mucuna bracteata masing-masing sebanyak 3 ulangan. Keragaman spesies CMA diketahui dengan mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi spora berdasarkan karakteristik morfologi kemudian dilakukan penghitungan persentase kolonisasi. Sebanyak 18 spesies CMA berhasil diperoleh yang terdiri dari genus Glomus, Gigaspora, dan Acaulospora. Keragaman spesies CMA didominasi oleh genus Glomus. Jumlah spesies CMA tertinggi ditemukan pada tanaman Mucuna bracteata sedangkan jumlah spora terbanyak ditemukan pada tanaman Sorghum vulgare. Persentase kolonisasi CMA pada akar tanaman Sorghum vulgare dan Mucuna bracteata masing-masing sebesar 42,81% dan 51,06% yang ditandai dengan terdapatnya struktur berupa arbuskula, hifa eksternal dan internal, titik penetrasi serta vesikula. Kedua jenis tanaman tersebut termasuk dalam tanaman adaptif yang dapat bersimbiosis dengan CMA.
       
      Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) is a mutualism symbiosis between mycorrhizal fungi and plant roots. Studies of AMF diversity in Indonesian tropical forests still need to be expanded, and exploration of AMF directly from the natural rhizosphere often has relatively low results. This study aims to obtain information on the diversity and colonization of AMF in forest rhizosphere Martabe, North Sumatra, through trapping culture. The research was carried out by making trapping cultures using Sorghum vulgare and Mucuna bracteata plants with three replications each. The diversity of AMF species is known by isolating and identifying the spores based on morphological characteristics and then calculating the percentage of colonization. A total of 18 AMF species were obtained, consisting of genera Glomus, Gigaspora, and Acaulospora. The species diversity of CMA is dominated by the genera Glomus. The highest number of AMF species was found in Mucuna bracteata, while the highest number of spores was found in Sorghum vulgare. The percentage of AMF colonization on Sorghum vulgare and Mucuna bracteata was 42.81% and 51.06%, indicated by the presence of arbuscules, external and internal hyphae, penetration points, and vesicles. Both types of plants are included in adaptive plants that can be in symbiosis with AMF.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/122687
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      • UT - Biology [2400]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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