Keanekaragaman Kepiting (Decapoda: Brachyura: Portunidae) di Laut Arafura

Abstract

Laut Arafura merupakan laut dengan luas 650.000 km2 dengan maksimal kedalaman 3,68 km yang berada di wilayah Propinsi Papua. Kepiting merupakan anggota filum Arthropoda, kelas Malacostraca, Ordo Decapoda, dan Subordo Brachyura. Brachyura yang sering disebut sebagai kepiting sejati merupakan hewan yang sangat beragam pada tingkat infra-ordo. Kepiting berperan sebagai bentos dan spesies kunci, berperan dalam keberlangsungan rantai makanan. Brachyura yang sudah dilaporkan di dunia berjumlah 7250 spesies, adapun spesies yang dilaporkan di Indonesia oleh Kementrian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Indonesia sekitar 1400 spesies. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan spesimen kepiting (Portunidae) yang tertangkap dari Laut Arafura. Metode yang dilakukan adalah mengidentifikasi beberapa spesimen koleksi Prof. Dr. Ali yang berada di Departemen Biologi, IPB University. Spesimen diidentifikasi menggunakan FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery. Nomenklatur spesies berdasarkan laman World of Registered Marine Species (WoRMS). Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan morfologi yang dilakukan pada spesimen, diperoleh delapan spesies kepiting dari famili Portunidae yaitu, Eodemus unidens; Charybdis (Charybdis) lucifer; Lupocycloporus wilsoni; Charybdis (Archias) hongkongensis; Lupocycloporus gracilimanus; Charybdis (Charybdis) callianassa; Charybdis (Archias) omanensis septentrionalis; dan Charybdis (Charybdis) anisodon.

The Arafura Sea is a sea with an area of 650,000 km2 with a maximum depth of 3.68 km in the Papua Province. Crabs are members of the phylum Arthropoda, class Malacostraca, Order Decapoda, and Susubdo Brachyura. Brachyura, often referred to as true crabs, are very diverse animals at the infra-order level. Crabs act as benthos and key species, playing a role in the sustainability of the food chain. Brachyura that has been reported in the world amounts to 7250 species, while the species reported in Indonesia by the Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry are around 1400 species. This study aims to know and describe crab specimens (Portunidae) caught from the Arafura Sea. The method carried out is to identify several specimens collected by Prof. Dr. Ali who are in the Department of Biology, IPB University. Specimens were identified using the FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery. Species nomenclature based on the World of Registered Marine Species (WoRMS) page. Based on the results of morphological observations made on specimens, eight species of crabs from the Portunidae family were obtained, namely, Eodemus unidens; Charybdis (Charybdis) lucifer; Lupocycloporus wilsoni; Charybdis (Archias) hongkongensis; Lupocycloporus gracilimanus; Charybdis (Charybdis) callianassa; Charybdis (Archias) omanensis septentrionalis; dan Charybdis (Charybdis) anisodon.