Karakteristik Daerah Penangkapan Lobster Berdasarkan Aspek Biologi dan Teknologi di Teluk Palabuhanratu
Date
2023Author
Sabila, Fathiha Rizki
Simbolon, Domu
Yusfiandayani, Roza
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Penurunan produktivitas tangkapan dan pengurangan ukuran panjang (size)
lobter yang ditangkap nelayan di Palabuhanratu dewasa ini kemungkinan
disebabkan oleh perubahan lingkungan perairan dan tekanan teknologi
penangkapan ikan yang cenderung memanfaatkan lobster secara besar-besaran.
Namun informasi tersebut masih terbatas akibat aktivitas riset yang belum
dilakukan. Terbatasnya informasi tentang daerah penangkapan. Tujuan penelitian
ini yaitu menentukan karakteristik daerah penangkapan lobster berdasarkan aspek
biologi dan teknologi serta memetakan daerah penangkapan lobster potensial.
Data yang dikumpulkan antara lain produksi unit penangkapan jaring insang
dasar, trammel net, dan pancing selama penelitian, ukuran panjang karapas dan
berat lobster, jenis dan metode pengoperasian alat tangkap, spot penangkapan,
kondisi armada. Data jenis, metode pengoperasian alat tangkap, dan kondisi spot
penangkapan diperoleh melalui wawancara teknik purposive sampling. Hasil
penelitian menunjukkan nelayan di Teluk Palabuhanratu mengoperasikan alat
tangkap jaring insang dasar, trammel net dan pancing untuk menangkap lobster.
Hasil tangkapan lobster yang sesuai dengan ukuran layak tangkap adalah lobster
pasir sebanyak 80,4%; lobster mutiara sebanyak 60%; dan lobster bambu
sebanyak 68,4%. Evaluasi daerah penangkapan lobster berdasarkan aspek
teknologi terhadap alat tangkap dan metode penangkapan adalah pancing,
sedangkan terkait armada penangkapan trammel net lebih baik. Daerah
penangkapan lobster terdiri dari 6 zona penangkapan. Zona penangkapan lobster
potensial yaitu zona Cimaja. The decline in catch productivity and reduction in the length (size) of lobster
caught by fishermen in Palabuhanratu today is probably due to changes in the
aquatic environment and pressure from fishing technology which tends to use
lobsters on a large scale. However, this information is still limited due to research
activities that have yet to be carried out—limited information about fishing areas.
This study aimed to determine the characteristics of lobster fishing grounds based
on biological and technological aspects and map potential areas. The data
collected included the production of fishing units for gillnets, trammel nets, and
hand line during the study, the size of the carapace length and weight of the
lobsters, the type and method of operating the fishing gear, the fishing spot, and
the condition of the fleet. Data on species, operating method of fishing gear, and
fishing spot conditions were obtained through purposive sampling technique
interviews. The results showed that fishermen in Palabuhanratu Bay operate
gillnets, trammel nets, and hand lines to catch lobsters. The catch of lobsters
according to the proper size for catching were sand lobsters, as much as 80.4%,
pearl lobsters, as much as 60%, and bamboo lobsters, as much as 68.4%.
Evaluation of lobster fishing areas based on technological aspects of fishing gear
and fishing methods is hand lines, while the trammel net fishing fleet is better
than other gear. The lobster fishing area consists of 6 fishing zones. The potential
lobster-catching zone is the Cimaja zone.