Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Kadar Total Flavonoid Ekstrak Air dan Etanol Daun Surian (Toona sinensis) pada Variasi Umur Pohon

Abstract

Ekstrak daun tanaman surian diketahui memiliki kandungan senyawa flavonoid yang berfungsi sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji aktivitas antioksidan dan menghitung kadar total flavonod dari ekstrak air dan etanol daun surian pada berbagai umur pohon surian. Penelitian ini menggunakan pelarut air, etanol 30%, 70% dan 96% pada umur tanaman 16, 27 dan 34 tahun. Kadar total flavonoid diukur menggunakan metode Alumunium Klorida (AlCl3) dan aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode FRAP. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ekstrak etanol 96% daun surian menghasilkan kadar total flavonoid dan aktivitas antioksidan FRAP tertinggi pada umur tanaman 34 tahun dan ekstrak air daun surian menghasilkan kadar total flavonoid dan aktivitas antioksidan FRAP terendah pada umur tanaman 16 tahun. Kadar total flavonoid tertinggi sebesar 84.4559 mg QE/g DW dan kadar total flavonoid terendah sebesar 5.1069 mg QE/g DW. Aktivitas antioksidan FRAP tertinggi sebesar 330.061 μmol TE/g DW dan aktivitas antioksidan FRAP terendah sebesar 837.939 μmol TE/g DW. Simpulan dari penelitian adalah semakin tinggi kadar total flavonoid pada ekstrak daun surian maka semakin berpotensi sebagai sumber antioksidan alami.

Surian leaves extract is known to contain flavonoid compounds that function as antioxidants. This study aimed to examine the antioxidant activity and calculate the levels of flavonoid from the aqueous and ethanol extracts of surian leaves from various ages of surian trees. This study used water, 30%, 70%, and 96% ethanol as a solvent for the surian plants ages 16, 27, and 34 years. Total flavonoid levels are measured using the Aluminum Chloride (AlCl3) method and antioxidant activity using the FRAP method. The results showed that the 96% ethanol extract of surian leaves produced the highest levels of total flavonoids and FRAP antioxidant activity at the age of 34 years and the aqueous extract of surian leaves produced the lowest levels of total flavonoids and antioxidant activity of FRAP at the age of 16 years. The highest total flavonoid content is 84.4559 mg QE/g DW and the lowest total flavonoid content is 5.1069 mg QE/g DW. The highest FRAP antioxidant activity is 330.061 μmol TE/g DW and the lowest FRAP antioxidant activity is 837.939 μmol TE/g DW. The conclusion from the research is that the higher the total flavonoid content in surian leaves extract, the more potential it is as a source of natural antioxidants.