View Item 
      •   IPB Repository
      • Dissertations and Theses
      • Master Theses
      • MT - Mathematics and Natural Science
      • View Item
      •   IPB Repository
      • Dissertations and Theses
      • Master Theses
      • MT - Mathematics and Natural Science
      • View Item
      JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

      Rekayasa Nutrien dan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh untuk Meningkatkan Produksi dan Kualitas Buah Stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa) Kultivar BAT-1

      Thumbnail
      View/Open
      Cover (1.332Mb)
      Date
      2023
      Author
      Gustania, Leolita
      Ratnadewi, Diah
      Tjahjoleksono, Aris
      Metadata
      Show full item record
      Abstract
      Stroberi merupakan salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang telah banyak dikembangkan di Indonesia. Permintaan pasar terkait buah stroberi di Indonesia dari tahun ke tahun mengalami banyak peningkatan. Kualitas stroberi yang baik masih sulit didapatkan di tingkat petani dengan kondisi lingkungan tropis. Pertumbuhan dan produksi stroberi di Indonesia terbatas pada daerah dataran tinggi, sesuai dengan kebutuhan alami tanaman stroberi, yaitu kondisi dingin. Tanaman stroberi kultivar BAT-1 dipilih karena pertumbuhan serta produktivitasnya sudah teradaptasi dengan iklim Indonesia. Namun, tampilan buahnya seringkali kurang menarik serta rasanya masih terlalu asam. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan buah stroberi lokal bernilai komersial rendah. Pemberian pupuk kalium (K) dan kalsium (Ca) dapat meningkatkan kualitas dan produksi buah. Kalsium merupakan salah satu unsur makronutrien yang memainkan peran penting dalam perkembangan dan pematangan buah. Sama halnya dengan kalsium, kalium juga merupakan makronutrien yang berperan dalam meningkatkan kualitas berbagai jenis buah antara lain dengan meningkatkan rasa manis. Pemberian hormon mampu meningkatkan hasil dan kualitas berbagai tanaman buah, dengan cara meningkatkan fisiologi internal buah yang akhirnya mengarah pada peningkatan ukuran dan kualitas. Oleh karena itu untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan kualitas buah, sering kali digunakan berbagai bio regulator pra-panen. Pemberian hormon auksin pra-panen mampu meningkatkan perkembangan buah dan bobot buah. Selain hormo auksin, hormon brassinosteroid jenis brassinolida sering kali digunakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas berbagai buah. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan produksi dan kualitas hasil buah stroberi BAT-1, yakni dalam hal ukuran buah dan tampilan warna, serta dalam hal rasa yang lebih seimbang antara asam dan manisnya. Untuk itu, penelitian ini akan menganalisis pengaruh rekayasa nutrisi kalium dan kalsium, dan pemberian hormon pra panen auksin dan brassinosteroid terhadap peningkatan produktivitas dan kualitas buah stroberi kultivar BAT-1. Penelitian dilakukan pada dua musim, yakni musim hujan dan musim kemarau. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan 2 faktor, yaitu perlakuan nutrien/hormon dan musim. Tanaman stroberi yang telah melewati reproduktif pertama diberi perlakuan tahap pertama berupa pemberian pupuk kalium dan kalsium (PPC + CaCl2) dan diukur parameter vegetatifnya. Untuk tahap kedua, diberikan perlakuan IBA (0 dan 3 mM) dan BL (0 dan 0.2 μM) pada buah yang sedang berkembang, dan diukur parameter generatifnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kalium dan CaCl2 pada daun mampu meningkatkan luas daun, jumlah daun, kandungan klorofil total, dan juga mampu mempersingkat waktu berproduksi tanaman stroberi BAT-1. Perlakuan terbaiknya adalah D2 dan D3 di musim hujan maupun kemarau. Perlakuan D (K dan Ca) yang berkombinasi dengan IBA dan BL mampu memperbesar bobot buah, meningkatkan nilai TSS dan antosianin total, serta menurunkan nilai TAT. D3I3B2 (PPC + CaCl2 2 g/L pada daun dan ZPT IBA 3 mM + BL 0.2 μM pada buah) merupakan perlakuan terbaik untuk parameter vegetatif dan generatif, di kedua musim tanam. Penyemprotan brassinolida (0.2 μM) pra-panen memperlama daya simpan buah, namun musim tidak berpengaruh pada daya simpan buah. Pada musim hujan, jumlah buah per tanaman lebih sedikit namun bobot per buahnya lebih besar, hasil bobot buah per tanaman serta kadar antosianin buah juga lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan hasil buah di musim kemarau
       
      Strawberry is one of the horticultural crops that has been widely developed in Indonesia. Market demand related to strawberries in Indonesia from year to year has increased a lot. Good quality strawberries are still difficult to obtain at the farm level in tropical environmental conditions. The growth and production of strawberries in Indonesia is limited to highland areas, according to the natural needs of the strawberry plant, namely cold conditions. Strawberry cultivar BAT-1 was chosen because its growth and productivity have been adapted to the Indonesian climate. However, the appearance of the fruit is often less attractive and the taste is still too sour. This causes local strawberries to have low commercial value Potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) fertilizers can improve fruit quality and production. Calcium is a macronutrient that plays an important role in fruit development and ripening. As with calcium, potassium is also a macronutrient that plays a role in improving the quality of various types of fruit, among others, by increasing the sweet taste. The use of hormones has resulted in a marked increase in the yield and quality of various fruit crops, by improving the internal physiology of the fruit which ultimately leads to an increase in size and quality. Therefore, to increase fruit productivity and quality, various pre-harvest bio-regulators are often used. Giving auxin pre-harvest increases fruit development and fruit weight. In addition to auxins, brassinosteroid hormone is often used to improve the quality of various fruits. This study aims to increase the production and yield quality of BAT-1 strawberries, namely in terms of fruit size and color appearance, as well as in terms of a more balanced taste between sour and sweet. For this reason, this study will analyze the effect of nutritional engineering of potassium and calcium, and administration of pre-harvest hormones auxin and brassinosteroids on increasing the productivity and quality of BAT-1 strawberry cultivars. The research was conducted in two seasons, namely the rainy season and the dry season. This study used a factorial completely randomized design with two factors, i.e., nutrient/hormones treatment and season. Strawberry plants that had passed the first reproductive period were given the first stage treatment in the form of potassium and calcium (PPC + CaCl2) and their vegetative parameters were measured. For the second stage, the developing fruit was treated with IBA (0 and 3 mM), BL (0 and 0.2 μM), and the generative parameters were measured. The results showed that the application of Potassium and CaCl2 treatment on leaves increased leaf area, number of leaves, total chlorophyll content, and also shortened the production time of BAT-1 strawberry plants. The best treatment is D2 and D3 in the rainy and dry seasons. Treatment D (K and Ca) combined with IBA and BL was able to increase fruit weight, increase TSS and total anthocyanin values, and reduce TAT values. D3I3B2 (PPC + CaCl2 2 g/L on leaves and ZPT IBA 3 mM + 0.2 μM BL on fruit) was the best treatment for vegetative and generative parameters, in both growing seasons. Pre-harvest spraying of brassinolide (0.2 μM) prolonged the shelf life of the fruit, but the season had no effect on the shelf life of the fruit. In the rainy season, the number of fruits per plant is less but the weight per fruit is greater, the fruit weight per plant and fruit anthocyanin levels are also higher compared to fruit yields in the dry season
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/117692
      Collections
      • MT - Mathematics and Natural Science [4143]

      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
      All rights reserved
      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
      IPB University Scientific Repository
      UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Institutional Repository
      Universitas Jember Digital Repository
        

       

      Browse

      All of IPB RepositoryCollectionsBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsThis CollectionBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjects

      My Account

      Login

      Application

      google store

      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
      All rights reserved
      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
      IPB University Scientific Repository
      UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Institutional Repository
      Universitas Jember Digital Repository