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      Karakterisasi Morfologi Klon Tanaman Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma

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      Date
      2022-11
      Author
      Agustini, Ni Made
      Purwito, Agus
      Husni, Ali
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      Abstract
      Patchouli plant (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) is one of the plants that produce patchouli oil which is one of Indonesia's leading export commodity. However, patchouli breeding has limitations because patchouli cultivated in Indonesia is non-flowering plant, thus it difficult to develop superior varieties due to the low genetic variability. Induction of physical mutations by gamma-ray irradiation can increase genetic variability. This study aims to determine the variation of morphological characters from gamma-ray irradiation of Aceh patchouli. This study used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 1 factor, three doses of gamma irradiation divided 0, 20 + 40 Gy, 60 + 80 Gy, and control patchouli planted in the field. The results of the study observed that increasing the dose of gamma-ray irradiation inhibit plant growth. Plant control A1 (0 Gy) showed the best growth parameters such as internode length, plant height, leaf length, leaf width, stem diameter, number of branches, and amount of chlorophyll, fresh weight and dry weight. Irradiation plant A2 (20 + 40 Gy) resulted diversity phenotype in such as the character of leaf tip shape, stem color, and branch surface texture.
       
      Tanaman nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) menjadi salah satu tanaman yang menghasilkan minyak nilam sebagai komoditi unggulan ekspor Indonesia. Pengembangan tanaman nilam memiliki keterbatasan karena tanaman nilam yang dibudidayakan memiliki sifat tidak dapat berbunga, sehingga keragaman genetiknya rendah. Induksi mutasi fisik dengan iradiasi sinar gamma dapat meningkatkan keragaman genetik menghasilkan variasi fenotipe yang berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keragaman morfologi tanaman nilam hasil perlakuan iradiasi sinar gamma. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) dengan 1 faktor yaitu pengaruh perbedaan dosis radiasi sinar gamma dengan interval 0, 20 + 40 Gy, 60 + 80 Gy, dan tanaman nilam nilam asal sebagai kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan dosis radiasi sinar gamma yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman. Perlakuan dosis iradiasi 0 Gy (A1) menunjukkan kualitas pertumbuhan terbaik seperti parameter panjang ruas, tinggi tanaman, panjang daun, lebar daun, diameter batang, jumlah cabang, jumlah klorofil, bobot basah dan bobot kering. Sedangkan perlakuan dosis iradiasi 20 + 40 Gy (A2) menghasilkan pertumbuhan keragaman fenotipe terbanyak pada tanaman nilam seperti pada karakter bentuk ujung daun, warna batang, dan tekstur permukaan cabang.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/115304
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      • UT - Agronomy and Horticulture [3074]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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