Biologi Reproduksi Lobster Pasir (Panulirus homarus Linnaeus, 1758) di Perairan Pesisir Barat Provinsi Lampung

Abstract

Lobster pasir (Panulirus homarus) merupakan salah satu lobster yang paling sering tertangkap nelayan di perairan pesisir barat Provinsi Lampung. Hasil tangkapan lobster pasir dijual dengan harga tinggi di dalam negeri hingga diekspor ke beberapa negara. Hal tersebut membuat penangkapan lobster pasir terus mengalami peningkatan, sehingga keberadaan stok lobster berpotensi mengalami penurunan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis aspek biologi reproduksi lobster pasir. Pengambilan contoh menggunakan metode pengambilan contoh acak sederhana (PCAS) selama bulan Oktober 2021 hingga Maret 2022. Lobster pasir yang dianalisis terdiri dari 83 ekor jantan dan 93 ekor betina. Panjang karapas lobster pasir berada pada kisaran 41 mm hingga 94 mm. Fekunditas lobster pasir contoh berada pada kisaran 762-182.006 butir dengan ukuran betina pertama kali mengerami telur pada rata-rata panjang karapas 63,10 mm. Pola pemijahan lobster pasir secara parsial. Lobster pasir betina di bawah ukuran pertama kali mengerami telur masih banyak tertangkap di perairan pesisir barat Provinsi Lampung. Puncak musim pemijahan lobster pasir terjadi pada bulan November-Desember dan potensi rekrutmen tertinggi pada bulan Februari-April dan Agustus-Oktober.

Spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus) is one of the lobsters most often catch by fishermen in west coast waters of Lampung Province. The catch of spiny lobster is sold at high prices domestically until it is exported to several countries. This makes the catch of spiny lobster continues to increase, so the existence of lobster stocks can potentially decrease. This study purpose to analyze the reproductive biology of spiny lobster. Sampling used the simple random sampling method during October 2021 to March 2022. The analyzed spiny lobsters consisted of 83 males and 93 females. Spiny lobster carapace length is in the range of 41 mm to 94 mm. The fecundity of spiny lobster was in the range of 762-182,006 eggs with the size at onset of spawning at an average carapace length is 63.10 mm. The spawning pattern of this spiny lobster a partial spawner. Female spiny lobsters below the size at onset of spawning are still catch in the west coast waters of Lampung Province. The peak of the spiny lobster spawning season occurs in November-December and the highest recruitment potential in February-April and August-October.