Pemanfaatan VIIRS Boat Detection dan Vessel Monitoring System untuk Pengawasan Perikanan di Suaka Alam Perairan Kepulauan Aru Bagian Tenggara

Abstract

Kawasan Konservasi Suaka Alam Perairan (SAP) Kepulauan Aru Bagian Tenggara berada di perairan WPPNRI-718, seluas 114.000 ha. Posisi Kabupaten Kepulauan Aru dikelilingi oleh Laut Aru dan Laut Arafura memiliki potensi sumberdaya hayati berlimpah. Tingginya tingkat penangkapan pada WPPNRI-718 membuat peluang bagi kapal penangkapan ikan masuk kedalam zona larang tangkap di kawasan konservasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan dan menghitung sebaran kapal berdasarkan data VIIRS Boat Detection (VBD) dengan data Vessel Monitoring System (VMS), membandingkan aktivitas pelanggaran antara kedua data dan merekomendasikan pengembangan pengawasan di kawasan konservasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus berupa pelanggaran kapal penangkapan ikan di kawasan konservasi. Data yang digunakan adalah data VBD, VMS, batas kawasan konservasi dan kalender bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa berdasarkan data VMS, kapal yang terdeteksi berukuran 39- 198 Gross Tonnage (GT) menggunakan 11 jenis alat tangkap. Terdapat pelanggaran oleh kapal bouke ami, pancing cumi, purse seine dan jala jatuh berkapal dengan ukuran 58-148 GT. Pelanggaran banyak ditemukan pada bulan November saat musim penangkapan ikan di sekitar Pulau Enu dan Pulau Karang. Rekomendasi yang disarankan yaitu pengawasan lebih intensif dilakukan pada saat musim penangkapan ikan.

The Southeast Aru Islands Marine Nature Reserve is located in WPPNRI- 718, with an area of 114.000 hectares. The position of Aru Islands Regency is surrounded by the Aru Sea and the Arafura Sea, which have enormous potential for biological resources. The Arafura Sea is an ocean where illegal fishing is common. The high rate of fishing in WPPNRI-718 creates opportunities for fishing vessels to enter the no-take zone in the conservation area. This study aims to calculate and map the distribution of fishing vessels based on data from VIIRS Boat Detection (VBD) with Vessel Monitoring System (VMS), compare violation activities between the two data, and recommend the development of surveillance in conservation areas. The distribution of fishing vessels in conservation zones is studied using a case study approach. The data used are VBD, VMS, conservation area boundaries and lunar calendars. The results showed that based on VMS data, the detected vessels were 39-198 Gross Tonnage (GT), which used 11 fishing gear. There are violations by bouke ami, squid jigging, purse seine and cast nets vessels with a size of 58-148 GT. Most of the violations were found in November during the fishing season around Enu Island and Karang Island. The recommended recommendation is that more intensive supervision is carried out during the fishing season.