Kadar Total Fenolik dan Flavonoid, serta Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Kulit Mangga Varietas Cengkir berdasarkan Ukuran Partikel Simplisia

Abstract

Kulit mangga diketahui memiliki senyawa polifenol sehingga berpotensi sebagai antioksidan. Aktivitas antioksidan pada kulit mangga dapat ditingkatkan dengan memperkecil ukuran partikel simplisia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan pengaruh ukuran partikel simplisia terhadap kadar total fenolik dan flavonoid, serta aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak kulit mangga varietas cengkir. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua ukuran partikel simplisia yang berbeda. Kulit mangga diekstraksi dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut air. Kadar total fenolik dan flavonoid, serta aktivitas antioksidan dari masing-masing ekstrak diukur secara kolorimetri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar total fenolik ekstrak 40 mesh (≤420 x 103 nm) dan ekstrak nanopartikel (597 nm) kulit mangga varietas cengkir berturut-turut sebesar 156,61 ± 2,32 mg GAE/g bobot kering dan 170,42 ± 2,84 mg GAE/g bobot kering. Kadar total flavonoid ekstrak 40 mesh dan ekstrak nanopartikel kulit mangga varietas cengkir berturut-turut sebesar 115,76 ± 0,96 mg QE/g bobot kering dan 132,15 ± 1,05 QE/g bobot kering. Ekstrak 40 mesh kulit mangga varietas cengkir termasuk antioksidan sedang, sedangkan ekstrak nanopartikel kulit mangga varietas cengkir termasuk antioksidan kuat. Ukuran partikel simplisia secara positif memengaruhi kadar total fenolik dan flavonoid, serta aktivitas antioksidan kulit mangga varietas cengkir.

Mango peel is known to contain polyphenol compounds so its potential as antioxidant. The antioxidant activity of mango peel can be increase by reducing the simplisia’s particle size. This research was aimed to determine the effects of simplisia’s particle size on total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity of cengkir mango peels. This research used two differents simplisia’s particle size. Mango peel was extracted by maceration using water as a solvent. TPC, TFC, and antioxidant activity of each extract were measured in colorimetric way. The result showed that TPC of 40 mesh (≤420 x 103 nm) extract and nanoparticle (597 nm) extract of cengkir mango peels were 156,61 ± 2,32 mg GAE/g dry weight and 170,42 ± 2,84 mg GAE/g dry weight, respectively. The TFC of 40 mesh extract and nanoparticle extract of cengkir mango peels were 115,76 ± 0,96 mg QE/g dry weight and 132,15 ± 1,05 mg QE/g dry weight, respectively. The 40 mesh extract of cengkir mango peels were moderate antioxidant, while the nanoparticle extract of cengkir mango peels were strong antioxidant. Simplisia’s particle size positively affects the TPC, TFC, and antioxidant activity.