Analisis Dampak dan Daya Dukung Kawasan Wisata Pantai Pasir Putih Wates, Kabupaten Rembang Akibat Pandemi Covid-19

Abstract

Covid-19 berdampak pada berbagai kegiatan ekonomi di Indonesia salah satunya sektor pariwisata. Pantai Pasir Putih Wates merupakan salah satu wisata yang terdampak Covid-19. Penerapan protokol kesehatan dilaksanakan guna membatasi jumlah pengunjung sesuai daya dukung kawasan wisata. Tujuan dari penelitian ini; (1) menganalisis dampak lingkungan dan ekonomi wisata Pantai Pasir Putih Wates akibat Covid-19, (2) menghitung daya dukung kawasan sesuai protokol kesehatan di kawasan wisata Pantai Pasir Putih Wates, (3) menganalisis strategi pengelolaan wisata Pantai Pasir Putih Wates pasca pandemi. Metode yang digunakan yaitu SNI 19-3964-1994 untuk perhitungan timbulan sampah, multiplier effect, analisis daya dukung fisik (PCC), serta Analytical Hierarchy Process. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi pengurangan jumlah sampah yang dihasilkan dari aktivitas wisata selama pandemi. Setelah terjadi pandemi, keynesian income multiplier mengalami penurunan (2%), sedangkan ratio income multiplier tipe I dan II mengalami kenaikan masing-masing sebesar 7% dan 9%. Daya dukung kawasan wisata sebelum pandemi pada weekday, weekend, hari libur, hari raya idul fitri, natal, dan tahun baru berada pada under carrying capacity. Saat pandemi pada weekday, weekend, dan hari libur berada pada under carrying capacity, namun pada hari raya idul fitri, natal, dan tahun baru berada pada over carrying capacity. Prioritas strategi pengelolaan wisata pasca pandemi adalah peningkatan sarana dan prasarana.

The Covid-19 in Indonesia affected various economic activities in Indonesia, including tourism. The Pasir Putih Wates Beach is one of the major tourist attractions affected by Covid-19. Health regulations is applied to limiting the number of visitors. The purpose of this study are (1) to analyze the environmental and economic impact of Pasir Putih Wates Beach due to the Covid-19, (2) to calculate carrying capacity according to health protocols in the Pasir Putih Wates Beach, (3) to analyze management strategy of the Pasir Putih Wates Beach tourism after the pandemic. The methods used are SNI 19-3964-1994 to estimate waste generation, multiplier effect to calculate economic impact, physical carrying capacity (PCC), as well as Analytical Hierarchy Process. Based on the result, the amount of tourism waste are reduced during pandemic. During pandemic condition, multiplier is decreased (2%), while the ratio of type I- and II-income multipliers is increased by 7% and 9% respectively. Tourism activity in Pasir Putih Wates Beach before the pandemic is under carrying capacity. During the pandemic, on weekends, and holidays are under carrying capacity, but Ied Al Fitri, Christmas, and New Year holidays are over carrying capacity. The priority of post- pandemic tourism management strategies is the improvement of facilities and infrastructure.