Kadar Total Fenolik dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Buah Kapulaga Jawa (Amomum compactum) dengan Perbedaan Metode dan Durasi Ekstraksi

Abstract

Metode dan durasi ekstraksi akan memengaruhi kadar senyawa fenolik dan aktivitas antioksidan buah kapulaga jawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur dan membandingkan pengaruh metode dan durasi ekstraksi terhadap kandungan total fenolik dan aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak metanol buah kapulaga jawa asal Bogor. Buah kapulaga jawa diekstraksi dengan metode Continuous Shaking Extraction (CSE), Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE), dan Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) dengan perbedaan durasi ekstraksi. Kadar total fenolik diukur menggunakan metode Folin Ciocalteu dan aktivitas antioksidan diukur dengan metode ABTS dan CUPRAC. Kadar total fenolik metode ekstraksi MAE dengan durasi ekstraksi 3 menit (1,2633 mg EAG/g bobot kering) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kadar total fenolik dari metode CSE dan UAE. Aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi metode ABTS (12,9332 µmol TE/g bobot kering) dan CUPRAC (38,1466 µmol TE/g bobot kering) didapatkan pada metode ekstraksi MAE durasi 3 menit. Kadar total fenolik setiap metode dan durasi ekstraksi menunjukkan korelasi yang positif terhadap aktivitas antioksidan.

The effects of different extraction methods and durations on the levels of java cardamom fruit’s phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were evaluated in this work. This research was aimed to measure and compare the effect of extraction method and duration on total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity in methanol extract of java cardamom fruit from Bogor. The sample was extracted by Continuous Shaking Extraction (CSE), Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE), and Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) with different duration. TPC was measured by the Folin Ciocalteu method and antioxidant activity was assayed using ABTS and CUPRAC methods. The TPC obtained from MAE for 3 minutes (1,2633 mg EAG/g dry weight) was the highest compared to those obtained from CSE and UAE methods. The highest antioxidant activity determined by ABTS (12,9332 µmol TE/g dry weight) and CUPRAC (38,1466 µmol TE/g dry weight) methods was obtained in MAE method with 3 minutes of extraction duration. The total phenolic content of each method and duration of extraction showed a positive correlation to the antioxidant activity.