Analisis Kerentanan Nelayan Jaring Arad yang Berbasis di Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Cituis, Kabupaten Tangerang, Provinsi Banten

Abstract

Nelayan jaring arad di Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Cituis tergolong nelayan tradisional yang hasil tangkapannya bergantung pada musim. Jika saat angin muson barat, nelayan sulit untuk melaut karena gelombang dan curah hujan tinggi ditambah lagi telah terjadinya degradasi sumberdaya ikan. Kejadian tersebut menunjukkan, terdapat ancaman kerentanan tehadap mata pencahariannya sebagai nelayan jaring arad di PPI Cituis. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat kerentanan nelayan jaring arad di PPI Cituis dan menyusun strategi penurunan tingkat kerentanan nelayan jaring arad di PPI Cituis. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara wawancara terhadap nelayan pemilik kapal dan ABK jaring arad. Instrumen FLIRES Check yang terdiri dari 6 bidang digunakan untuk mendapatkan data tingkat kerentanan nelayan jaring arad di PPI Cituis, yang selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan analisis kerentanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status kerentanan nelayan jaring arad ‘cukup resilien’ dengan rata-rata nilai indeks kerentanan sebesar 2,67 bagi pemilik kapal dan 2,46 bagi ABK. Adapun strategi penurunan tingkat kerentanan nelayan jaring arad di PPI Cituis diantaranya pelatihan usaha alternatif saat musim paceklik untuk ABK; sistem pembagian bantuan pemerintah untuk nelayan di PPI Cituis perlu diperbaiki; dan mengadakan pelatihan untuk pemilik kapal serta ABK secara berkala dan pendampingan saat pengaplikasian langsung hasil dari pelatihan.

Fishers of the mini bottom trawl in the Cituis Fishing Port are traditional fishers groups that depend on the monsoon season to fish. During the west monsoon season, the fishers are difficult to catch fish due to the high water waves and rainfall and the decreasing fish resources in this fishing ground. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the threat vulnerability of livelihood the mini bottom trawl fishers based in Cituis Fishing Port. This research aims to assess the vulnerability level of mini bottom trawl fishers based in Cituis Fishing Port, and to formulate strategies to decrease the vurnarebility level of mini bottom trawl fishery in the area, accordingly. An interview technique was conducted in this study to the ship owners and crews. The FLIRES Check instrument was primarily used in this study, and it consisted of six aspects in the assessment. The vulnerability analysis was used as the basis to formulate the strategy to decrease the fisher's vulnerability. The results of this study show that the status of mini bottom trawl fishermen's vulnerability was ‘sustainable enough’/ ‘moderate’, with an average index value of 2.67 for the ship owners and 2.46 for the crews. The strategies to decrease the vulnerability level of mini bottom trawl fishery are: developing an alternative livelihood training for the crew during the west monsoon season; improving the distribution system of government assistance for fishers in Cituis Fishing Port; and conducting regular training for ship owners and crews and government assistance in applying the training results.