Ecosystem Service Measurements, Trade- Offs, and Sustainability of Sweet Orange Orchard Agroecosystem in Selorejo, Malang Regency
Abstract
One of the biggest sweet orange fruits (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck)
production sites in Indonesia is located in Selorejo, Dau, Malang Regency.
Currently, the site is however at risk of environmental degradation and constantly
decreased. It is important for the development planning to improve production
service without neglecting other services. This will reduce the risk of
environmental changes and impacts on human welfare. This study aimed to
analyze some ecosystem services and their trade-offs to create sustainable
development planning for the orchards. The ecosystem service data was obtained
from the interview with the sweet orange farmers and secondary data collection.
Measurements of food production service used gross margin (GM) model and the
orchards have GM of 12,465 IDR/m2. The biological control service is presented
by the abundance of natural enemies on-site that are dominated by the Coccinellid
and Formicidae families. But, the diversity of the pest and natural enemies is still
considered low at 1.433 Shannon Wiener diversity index. The orchard also
provided landslide prevention services as well as cultural and agrotourism
services. In the carbon sequestration aspect, the orchard is leaning more to
function as carbon stock. But the system can be shifted to function as a carbon
sink with better management practice. We grouped the service into 2 bundles to
determine their trade-offs: 1) food production-biological control-genetic diversity
service bundle; and 2) moderation of extreme events-food provisioning bundle. To
achieve a win-win condition and create sustainable agriculture practices on the
sweet orange orchard, it is recommended for the farmer to reduce the intensive
usage of chemical pesticides, use pruning biomass to make composts, use natural
based pesticide, rejuvenate the root of 10 years old trees, use drip irrigation, and
change the intercrops to flowering plants that would also boost the agrotourism
potential.
Collections
- UT - Plant Protection [2412]