Kondisi Ekologis dan Pengelolaan Mangrove di SPTN III, Taman Nasional Kepulauan Seribu

Abstract

Efektivitas pengelolaan mangrove sangat bergantung pengetahuan tentang kondisi mangrove dan lingkungannya, yang dapat diketahui dari indeks kesehatan mangrove dan indeks kualitas lingkungan mangrove. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji kondisi ekologis, kesehatan dan lingkungan mangrove di daerah SPTN III (Pulau Karya, Pulau Panggang, dan Pulau Pramuka) TNKS untuk merumuskan strategi pengelolaannya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari 2020. Analisis ekologi yang dilakukan adalah indeks kesehatan mangrove dan indeks kualitas lingkungan mangrove. Kerapatan mangrove kategori anakan di seluruh pulau termasuk kategori sangat padat, sedangkan kategori pohon dan semai hanya ditemukan di beberapa tempat saja. Secara umum nilai kualitas lingkungan mangrove menunjukkan kualitas lingkungan mangrove yang tinggi (baik). Indeks kesehatan mangrove di ketiga pulau termasuk dalam kategori kesehatan mangrove rendah (buruk), meskipun di beberapa tempat ditemukan mangrove kategori pohon dengan kerapatan yang padat. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut perlu dilakukan rancangan strategi berupa replantasi dan pengelolaan berbasis zonasi di wilayah SPTN III.

The effectiveness of mangrove management is highly dependent on the knowledge of the condition of mangrove and their environment, which are represented by the mangrove health index and the mangrove environmental quality index. This study aimed to analyze the ecological condition of mangroves in the SPTN III area (Karya Island, Panggang Island, and Pramuka Island) Seribu Islands National Park area to determine the management strategy. This research was conducted in February 2020. The analysis carried out were mangrove health and mangrove environmental quality. The Mangrove density in the sapling category throughout the island was very dense category, while the tree and seedling growth categories are only found in a few places. The value of the mangrove environmental quality indicate that the environmental quality of the mangroves in the three islands was in high category (good). The mangrove health index in the three islands in other hand was low category (bad), though in some places mangroves showed densed density. Based on these results, mangrove replantation is the strategy mostly recommended for SPTN III.