Perancangan Penggunaan Air Sungai Ciapus untuk Menyuplai Air Irigasi di Persemaian Permanen Dramaga Bogor
Abstract
Air dan sistem penyiraman sangat berdampak dalam produksi bibit
berkualitas di persemaian permanen. Persemaian Permanen Dramaga
menggunakan dua sumur resapan yang diisi oleh air hujan, saat musim kemarau
terjadi kekurangan air. Air sungai Ciapus dapat dimanfaatkan dengan menggunakan
pompa hidram. Oleh karena itu, perlu dirancang bak penampung yang dapat
menyimpan sementara air dari pompa dan menyuplai air secara kontinu. Penelitian
ini bertujuan menentukan kebutuhan air irigasi, serta menentukan kapasitas dan
menghasilkan rancangan bak penampung air di lokasi penelitian. Kebutuhan air
diperoleh berdasarkan nilai defisit pada neraca air antara laju evapotranspirasi
dengan laju curah hujan. Defisit air rata-rata pada periode kemarau tahun 2015
merupakan nilai yang tertinggi selama tahun 2003-2020, yakni sebesar 2,63
mm/hari. Berdasarkan nilai tersebut diperoleh kebutuhan air irigasi sebesar 15,78
m3/hari untuk lahan seluas 0,60 ha. Debit pemompaan berpotensi mengisi bak
penampung selama waktu penyiraman. Kapasitas bak penampung didesain
setengah dari kebutuhan air harian, yakni 7,89 m3, dan dibulatkan menjadi 8 m3.
Bak penampung direncanakan menggunakan bahan panel fiberglass. Ukuran
panjang, lebar dan tinggi bak penampung masing-masing sebesar 2 m. Water and irrigation systems have a major impact on the production of quality
seedlings in permanent nurseries. The Dramaga Permanent Nursery uses two
infiltration wells filled by rainwater, during dry season there is a shortage of water.
Ciapus river water can be utilized by using a hydraulic ram pump. Therefore, it is
necessary to design a reservoir to temporarily store water from the pump and to
supply water continuously. The research aimed to determine the need for irrigation
water, determine the capacity and produce a water reservoir design at the research
site.Water requirement was obtained based on the deficit value in the water balance
between evapotranspiration rate and rainfall rate. The average water deficit in the
dry season in 2015 was the highest value during 2003-2020, which was 2,63
mm/day. Based on this value, the irrigation water requirement was 15,78 m3/day
for an area of 0,60 ha. The pumping discharge had the potential to fill the reservoir
during watering time. The designed reservoir capacity was half of the daily water
requirement, which was 7,89 m3, and fulfilled to 8 m3. The reservoir was planned
to use fiberglass panel material. The length, width, and height of the reservoir were
2 m each.