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      Determinan Daya Saing dan Ekspor Kopi Indonesia di Pasar Non Tradisional

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Hendaryati, Anissya Eka
      Widyastutik
      Amaliah, Syarifah
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      Abstract
      Kopi merupakan salah satu komoditas ekspor unggulan Indonesia. Namun, ekspor kopi Indonesia dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir berfluktuasi dengan kecenderungan yang menurun. Untuk meningkatkan kinerja ekspornya, diversifikasi pasar ke negara non tradisional menjadi salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana daya saing kopi Indonesia dengan kompetitornya yakni Brazil, Vietnam, dan Kolombia serta determinan daya saing dan ekspor kopi Indonesia di negara non tradisional. Metode yang digunakan adalah RCA, EPD, X-Model, gravity model dan regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kopi Indonesia dan negara kompetitor memiliki keunggulan komparatif yang cukup tinggi. Kopi Indonesia berdaya saing tinggi di pasar Armenia, Georgia, dan Maroko. Hasil estimasi gravity model menunjukkan bahwa PDB perkapita riil Indonesia, PDB perkapita riil negara importir, populasi negara importir, jarak ekonomi, dan indeks daya saing RCA berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume ekspor kopi Indonesia. Hasil regresi data panel menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi daya saing kopi Indonesia di negara non tradisional adalah nilai ekspor, produktivitas perkebunan kopi, dan harga ekspor.
       
      Coffee is one of the leading export commodities in Indonesia. However, Indonesian coffee export in the last ten years has fluctuated with a downward trend. It’s export performance can be improved by diversifying the market to non-traditional countries. This study aims to analyze the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee export with it’s competitors: Brazil, Vietnam, and Columbia and also determinants of competitiveness and export of Indonesian coffee in non-traditional countries. The methods used in this research are RCA, EPD, X-Model, gravity model and panel data regression. The results of this study shows that Indonesian coffee and it’s competitor have a high comparative advantage. Indonesian coffee is highly competitive in Armenia, Georgia, and Morocco. The gravity model shows that real GDP per capita of Indonesia, real GDP per capita of importer, population of importer, economic distance, and RCA have a significant effect on the volume of Indonesian coffee export. The results of panel data regression shows that factors that affect the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee export in non traditional countries are export value, coffee plantation productivity, and export prices.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/109072
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      • UT - Economics and Development Studies [2999]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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