Eksplorasi Keanekaragaman dan Analisis Habitat serta Mikrohabitat Drosera di Pulau Belitung
Date
2021Author
Salam, Rizal Kuwatus
Ariyanti, Nunik Sri
Fakhrurrozi, Yulian
Sulistijorini
Metadata
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Drosera umumnya hidup di habitat khas miskin hara, seperti di hutan kerangas yang ada di Pulau Belitung. Penelitian ini bertujuan menginventarisasi dan memetakan persebaran jenis, serta menganalisis komposisi floristik habitat dan pengaruh mikrohabitat dan mikroklimat terhadap kelimpahan Drosera di Pulau Belitung. Inventarisasi dan pemetaan persebaran jenis dilakukan dengan metode jelajah. Kelimpahan Drosera, komposisi floristik habitat, serta karakter mikroklimat dan mikrohabitat diamati dengan membuat plot kuadrat di lima lokasi. Analisis Pearson correlation digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan kelimpahan Drosera dengan data mikroklimat dan mikrohabitat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dua jenis Drosera (D. burmanni dan D. Spatulata) dijumpai di Belitung. Persebaran D. spatulata di Belitung merupakan catatan baru untuk Indonesia. Drosera dijumpai pada habitat yang memiliki kekayaan jenis rendah (21 jenis dari 14 famili) dengan Leptospermum polygalifolium, Melaleuca cajuputi, dan Calophyllum lanigerum sebagai pohon yang dominan. Habitat Drosera juga dicirikan dengan semak Baeckea frutescens dan Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Myrtaceae) dan herba dominan dari famili Cyperaceae, Eriocaulaceae, dan Poaceae. Drosera dapat dijumpai pada substrat tanah lempung, pasir kuarsa, dan batu; tetapi lebih umum D. spatulata dijumpai pada tanah lempung dan D. burmanni pada pasir kuarsa. Kelimpahan Drosera dipengaruhi oleh kelembapan dan pH tanah, serta jumlah individu tumbuhan bawah. Luas penutupan tumbuhan bawah tidak mempengaruhi kelimpahan Drosera. Drosera commonly found in typical nutrient-poor habitats, such as the heath forest in Belitung Island. This study aimed to inventory and map distribution of species, analyze floristic composition of habitat as well as the impact of microhabitat and microclimate on the abundance of Drosera in Belitung Island. The inventory and mapping were carried out using the exploration method. Species abundance, habitat floristic composition, microclimate, and microhabitat of Drosera were observed by making quadrate plots at five locations. Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between Drosera abundance and microclimate or microhabitat data. The results showed that two species of Drosera (D. burmanni and D. spatulata) occurred in Belitung. Drosera were found in habitats had low species richness (21 species, 14 families) dominated by Leptospermum polygalifolium, Melaleuca cajuputi, and Calophyllum lanigerum trees. The habitat of Drosera was also characterized by shrubs Baeckea frutescens and Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Myrtaceae) and herbs species of Cyperaceae, Eriocaulaceae, and Poaceae. Drosera in Belitung are found on clay, quartz sand, and rock substrates, however D. spatulata was more common in clay soils and D. burmanni in quartz sand. The Drosera abundance was influenced by moisture, acidity of soil, and the number of individual undergrowth; but it was not affected by area covered by understorey.
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- UT - Biology [2148]