Status Pemanfaatan Lobster Pasir (Panulirus homarus) di Perairan Pantai Ayah Kabupaten Kebumen

Abstract

Keberlanjutan menjadi salah satu isu penting dalam pemanfaatan sumberdaya lobster. Ketersediaan data menjadi faktor pembatas untuk mengetahui status pemanfaatan lobster khususnya lobster yang dominan ditemukan di Perairan Pantai Ayah, Kabupaten Kebumen yaitu lobster pasir (Panulirus homarus). Pendekatan length base spawning potential ratio (LB-SPR) digunakan untuk menentukan status pemanfaatan lobster. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan unit penangkapan lobster, mengidentifikasi komposisi ukuran hasil tangkapan lobster, dan menghitung parameter biologi lobster untuk mengetahui status pemanfaatan lobster pasir (Panulirus homarus). Data ukuran panjang karapas lobster dikumpulkan dengan metode accidental sampling. Analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif, analisis pertumbuhan, mortalitas, laju eksploitasi, pola rekruitmen dan spawning potential ratio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, panjang asimptotik lobster pasir jantan dan betina sebesar 120,75 mm dan 120,11 mm. Nilai koefisien pertumbuhan lobster pasir jantan dan betina yaitu sebesar 0,47 dan 0,40 per tahun. Nilai laju mortalitas baik lobster pasir jantan dan betina yaitu 0,75 dan 0,68 per tahun. Laju eksploitasi lobster pasir jantan dan betina sebesar 0,46 dan 0,38. Rata-rata ukuran panjang karapas lobster pasir yang tertangkap sebesar 79,37 mm termasuk dalam ukuran sudah layak tangkap. Status pemanfaatan lobster pasir (Panulirus homarus) di perairan Pantai Ayah Kabupaten Kebumen sebesar 36% yang artinya lestari.

Sustainability is an important issue in the utilization of lobster resources. However, the availability of data is a limiting factor to determine the status of lobster utilization. Scalloped spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus) is dominantly found in the Ayah Coastal Waters, Kebumen Regency. The length base spawning potential ratio (LB-SPR) used to determine the status of lobster utilization. This study aims to describe lobster fishing units, to identify the size composition of lobster catches, and to calculate lobster biological parameters for determining the utilization status of Panulirus homarus. Length data of lobster carapace were collected by accidental sampling method. The research were applied descriptive analysis, analysis of growth, mortality, exploitation rate, recruitment pattern and spawning potential ratio. The results showed that there was a asymptotic lengths of male and female Panulirus homarus by 120,75 mm and 120,11 mm, respectively. In addition, the growth coefficient value of male and female Panulirus homarus was 0,47 and 0,40 per year. Furthermore, the mortality rate values for both male and female lobster were 0,75 and 0.68 per year; the exploitation rate of male and female was 0,46 and 0,38. Moreover the average carapace length caught of them were 79,37 mm, which was included in the legal size for catching. These result found that the utilization status of Panulirus homarus in the Ayah Coastal Waters, Kebumen Regency was 36%, which means fully moderate.