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      Analisis Pengaruh Inklusi Keuangan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Asia

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Romansyah, Teddy
      Anggraeni, Lukytawati
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      Abstract
      Inklusi keuangan telah dijadikan sebagai salah satu 9 pilar utama dalam agenda pembangunan global. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh inklusi keuangan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Asia pada tahun 2009-2018. Inklusi keuangan dihitung menggunakan Index of Financial Inclusion (IFI), sedangkan pengaruh inklusi keuangan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi dianalisis melalui metode data panel statis Fixed Effect Model. Analisis IFI menunjukkan bahwa negara berpendapatan tinggi dikategorikan High Financial Inclusion, menengah atas dikategorikan Middle Financial Inclusion dan menengah bawah sebagai Low Financial Inclusion. Hasil panel statis menunjukkan inklusi keuangan dan layanan seluler berpengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi, baik seluruh Asia maupun berdasarkan tingkatan pendapatan negaranya. Keterbukaan perdagangan berpengaruh negatif pada tingkatan pendapatan menengah kebawah. FDI hanya berpengaruh negatif pada keseluruhan Asia. Pembentukan modal berpengaruh positif pada seluruh tingkatan pendapatan, kecuali pendapatan tinggi. Populasi pada negara pendapatan tinggi berpengaruh positif, sedangkan menengah atas signifikan berpengaruh negatif. Kualitas institusi memiliki pengaruh yang positif di indikator yang berbeda-beda pada tingkat pendapatannya. Negara berpendapaatan rendah perlu meningkatkan aspek penetrasi melalui sosialisasi secara insentif, penyediaan layanan jasa keuangan yang mudah dijangkau, dan pemanfaatan inovasi layanan keuangan seperti mobile banking.
       
      Financial inclusion has become one of the 9 main pillars in the global development agenda. This study aims to analyze the effect of financial inclusion on economic growth Asia in 2009-2018. Financial inclusion is calculated using the Index of Financial Inclusion (IFI), while the effect of financial inclusion on economic growth is analyzed by static panel data Fixed Effect Model. The results shows that high-income countries are categorized as High Financial Inclusion, the upper middle class as Middle Financial Inclusion and the lower middle class as Low Financial Inclusion. Meanwhile, Financial inclusion and cellular services have a positive effect on economic growth. Trade openness has a negative effect on the lower middle income. FDI has a negative effect on the whole of Asia. Capital formation has a positive effect on all income levels, except for high incomes. The population in high-income countries has a positive effect, while the upper middle class has a negative effect. Institutional quality has a positive effect on different indicators of income levels. Low-income countries need to increase the penetration aspect through incentive socialization, providing easy-to-reach financial services, and utilizing financial service innovations such as mobile banking.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/107915
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      • UT - Economics and Development Studies [2495]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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