Nilai Ekonomi Orangutan Tapanuli (Pongo tapanuliensis) di Kawasan Hutan Batang Toru Kecamatan Sipirok Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan
Abstract
Satwaliar mempunyai peranan yang sangat penting bagi kehidupan manusia
baik ditinjau dari segi ekonomi, penelitian, pendidikan dan kebudayaan, maupun
untuk kepentingan rekreasi dan pariwisata. Untuk menunjang kepentingan
ekonomi tersebut, konservasi satwaliar sangat penting. Penelitian ini dilakukan di
tujuh desa Kecamatan Sipirok Provinsi Sumatera Utara dengan tujuan mengkaji
persepsi masyarakat dan organisasi serta mentukan nilai ekomomi orangutan.
Metode yang dipakai untuk memperoleh persepsi adalah wawancara
menggunakan skala likert dan nilai ekonomi diperoleh dengan menanyakan
willingness to pay terhadap pelestarian orangutan Batang Toru. Persepsi
responden masyarakat menunjukkan persentase terbesar 57,9% menyatakan setuju
terhadap pelestarian orangutan, sedangkan responden organisasi menunjukkan
persentase terbesar 46,6% menyatakan sangat setuju terhadap pelestarian
orangutan. Nilai orangutan berdasarkan metode biaya pelestarian berkisar antara
Rp390.000.000/tahun sampai dengan Rp490.775.000/tahun. Nilai orangutan
berdasarkan willingness to pay menurut masyarakat sebesar
Rp65.760/tahun/rumah tangga dan menurut organisasi Rp1.680.000/tahun/rumah
tangga. Berdasarkan willingness to pay masyarakat, diestimasi nilai pelestarian
satu ekor orangutan bagi masyarakat kecamatan Sipirok sebesar Rp213.062/tahun. Wildlife has a very important role in human life, both from an economic,
research, educational and cultural perspective, as well as for recreational and
tourism purposes. To support these economic interests, wildlife conservation is very
important. This research was conducted in seven villages of Sipirok District, North
Sumatra Province with the aim of assessing community and organizational
perceptions and determining the economic value of orangutans. The method used to
obtain perceptions is interview using a likert scale and economic value is obtained
by asking willingness to pay for the conservation of the Batang Toru orangutan. The
perception of community respondents show that the largest percentage is 57.9%
who agree with orangutan preservation, while organizational respondents show that
the largest percentage is 46.6% who strongly agree with orangutan preservation.
The value of orangutans based on the conservation cost method ranges from Rp.
390,000,000/year to Rp. 490,775,000/year. The value of orangutans based on
willingness to pay according to the community is IDR 65.760/year/household and
according to the organization IDR 1.680.000/year/household. Based on the
community's willingness to pay, it is estimated that the conservation value of one
orangutan for the community of Sipirok sub-district is IDR 213.062/head.
Collections
- UT - Forest Management [2837]