Pengaruh Pemberian Fosfat Alam Terhadap Perubahan Sifat Kimia Tanah, dan Kadar Hara Pada Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays)

Abstract

The utilization of acid soil for agriculture faced several obstacles, including P deficient. It is because P ions sorbed by various soil components, such as Fe-Al ions, and Fe-Al hydrous oxides. One of the efforts made to overcome this problem is the use of natural phosphate in acid soils. This study aims to determine the effect of natural phosphate fertilizers in soil chemical properties and nutrients rate in plant of Latosol (Oxyc Dystrudept) Darmaga. Experimental design used in this study was a randomized design with a single factor, named P fertilizer. Source of P fertilizer used in this study is a natural phosphate and SP-36. Treatment dosage of P fertilizer are, control I (0%), control II (N + K), Std 100% (N+K+SP36), RP 50%, RP 100%, RP 150%, RP 200%, (N + K 50%) + RP 50%, and (N + K 50%) + RP 100%. The results showed that the phosphate fertilizer did not significantly affect soil pH, exchangeable-Al, available-P, exchangeable-Ca, and exchangeable-Mg. phosphate fertilizer have significantly affect only in exchangeable-K. Meanwhile, phosphate not significantly affect the rate of Mg, K, Ca, P and N. Rock phosphate’s application significantly affected the growth of maize on 4 week after planting (MST) and 6 MST. Rock phosphate’s application did differ significantly on increasing cob with husk’s weight and cob without husk’s weight. But rock phosphate’s application did not differ significantly on total weight of stover. The highest percent of crop value in treatment who give rock phosphate fertilizer there is in treatment of RP 150% with 158.1%, and the lowest percent of crop value there is in treatment of (N+K 50%) + RP 50% with 98.6%, and lowest in all treatment there in treatment of Control I with 74.7%. From result of crop value can get a conclusion that rock phosphate fertilizer is better than standard fertilizer (SP36).