DESKRIPSI HISTOLOGIS DAN PERUBAHAN KOMPOSISI KIMIA DAUN DAN TANGKAI SEMANGGI (Marsilea crenoto Presl., Marsileaceae) AKIBAT PEREBUSAN

Abstract

Marsilea crenata is classified as hydrophytes plant growth in paddy's field, ponds, lakes, swamp or river and called semanggi as Javanese local name. The plant ethnobotanically used as food by steaming. The research was aimed to describe the histological and chemical compositions of leaves and stems as well as the influence of steaming on chemical components. The result showed that the structures of stalks, stems and root were not equipped with collenchymas tissue. The cortexes consist of many aerenchym as well as the abaxiat and adaxial laminas were equipped with a layer of epidermis and the stomata on the upper part of leaf. Leaves and stems contain water, ash, fat, protein and crude fiber 89yo,2.70Yo,4.35yo,2.28% (wiw), respectively. Steaming process reduced about 80% of ash content, while the vitamins C, B-carotene and total carotenes content decreased about l7%o,37%o and,43yo, respectively. The content of potassium as main mineral dropped 7%o due to stearning process. The fresh Ieaves and stems of Marsilea crenate contain reducing sugar, steroid, carbohydrat{ and flavonoids.