Incinerator Portabel Berbahan Bakar Serabut Kapuk Randu dan Minyak Jelantah sebagai Perangkat Penegakan Biosekuriti di Indonesia

Abstract

Biosecurity is one of the measures to prevent the spread of infectious disease agents. Incineration of material suspected to eleminate disease agents is one of biosecurity method applied in the field. However, the usage of incinerator in Indonesia is still limited due to high price of incinerator and operational costs including fuel and/or electricity. The present study was designed to develop and test performance of a kapok-used oil fueled portable incinerator. Kapok (Ceiba pentranda) fiber and used oil combination is an alternative fuel that could generate considerable amount of heat. Two types of portable incinerator, namely double and single chamber incinerator were developed in this study. Furthermore, the influences of fuel amount, incinerator design, and type of waste were tested in 5 minutes incineration process. Incineration using more fuel was shown to increase and delay the peak incineration temperature (400 °C at minute 3 vs. 530.67 °C at minute 4). The single chamber incinerator design shown to had a higher peak incineration temperature than the double chamber design (400 °C vs. 814.33 °C each at 400 g fuel usage). The anorganic waste (plastic and metal) showed to had a higher peak incineration temperature than the organic waste (embryonated egg) (923 °C vs. 1 163 °C each at 800 g fuel usage). The higher incineration temperature also caused the higher waste reduction rate in the anorganic waste incineration process (56.54% vs. 76.47% at 800 g fuel usage). The peak temperature of each waste incineration surpassed the European Standard for Incineration Process (850 °C/2 seconds for general waste; 1 100 °C/2 seconds for chlorinated waste). Therefore, the kapok-used oil fueled portable incinerator is potential to be used as a biosecurity device.