Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticle from Tutut (Bellamyâ Javanica) Shells by Using precipitation and Hydrothermal Method

Abstract

Biomaterials as bone replacement is a bioceramics of calcium phosphate-based known as hydroxyapatite (HAp) (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2). Hap have the similar composition and crystallography of bone . In this study, synthesis of HAp by using precipitation and hydrothermal methods have been performed by using tutut shells (Bellamya Javanica). HAp of precipitation product contained 100 wt% of hydroxyapatite phase with Ca/P ratio of 1.71. The result of functional group analysis also showed the presence of hydroxyapatite phase as indicated by–OH, –PO4, dan –CO3 groups. HAp of wet precipitation product had lattice parameter of a = b = 9.418 Å, c = 6.885 Å. HAp of hydrothermal product contained 94.55 wt% of hydroxyapatite phase and 5.45 wt% of calcium oxide phase with Ca/P ratio of 2.03. The functional group analysis result showed peaks of –OH, –PO4, dan –CO3 groups, indicated the presence of hydroxyapatite phase. In addition to the peaks, the characteristic peaks of Ca–O and Ca–OH bond were also appear. HAp of hydrothermal product had lattice parameter of a = b = 9.4163 Å, c = 6.8791 Å. The synthesis of HAp nanoparticle both using precipitation and hydrothermal method have yielded. The HAp particles shaped spherical-polygonal with an average size of diameter particles around 10-20 nm. Whereas that by hydrothermal method is nanorod with the particle size of 15–20 nm in diameter and 40–60 nm in length.