Adverse selection dan moral hazard pada skim kredit Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Agribisnis (LKM-A) PUAP di Kota Padang

Abstract

PUAP is a program aimed to establish Microfinance Institution (MFI-A), in the city of Padang, MFI-A PUAP has been established since 2009. However, its establishment was initially intended to gain access to PUAP funds, consequently causing problems in the disbursement and refund credit PUAP in each MFI-A. It can be seen from the value of Non-Performing Loan (NPL) MFI-A in the city of Padang, for example, in February 2013 reached 48.21 percent. Under these conditions, the purpose of this study was (1) to analyze the probability accessing credit with a credit scheme in the MFI group-A PUAP, (2) to analyze the factors that lead to adverse selection in the establishment of MFI-A PUAP and (3 ) to analyze the factors that can lead to moral hazard in the credit scheme of MFI-a PUAP in Padang. The research was conducted in Padang city, West Sumatra Province. West Sumatra is one of recipient provinces of PUAP that has initiative found MFI-A for the management of funds in the first year PUAP runed. The data used in this thesis are secondary data and primary data such as questionnaires and interviews to administrators and members of MFI-A Extension as well as Mitra Tani. We collected 18 samples of MFI-A spreaded over 9 districts in the city of Padang from 2009-2012. Statistical methods of logit model was used to analyze the data.. The Logit analysis showed that factors determined the probability to increase credit access to the banks is the financial resources in addition to MFI-A PUAP funds and the visiting of loan officers. Logit analysis results for adverse selection in MFI-A PUAP proxied through risk in the group influenced by age, the number of members of the group, region of birth, get to know other members of the group, knowing selling group members, member selection, the main job accordance with the draft Joint Effort (RUB) and involvement in Extension Mitra Tani (PMT) can reduce the occurrence of adverse selection. While the average distance between members and MFI-A was create when PUAP establish increases the chances of adverse selection in MFI-A PUAP. Logit analysis for the failure of payment indicating the occurrence of moral hazard is influenced by factors age, family size and region of birth credit reducing the occurrence of default, besides that credit size, the sex and the average distance between members can improve chances in the failure of payment. The LKM-A getting credit access in the bank is that the one who have low NPL grade and do not have moral hazard problem as well as LKM-A that have adverse selection in moral hazard.