The Special Interest Tourism Based on Javan Rhino Movement in Ujung Kulon National Park

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to develop a design special interest tourism (SIT) based on the pattern of movement, characteristic of activity sites and behavior patterns of the javan rhino (Rhinoceros sondaicus Desm, 1822) in Ujung Kulon National Park. Data collection was conducted from January until May 2012 in Citadahan, Cibandawoh, Cigenter and Nyawaan of Ujung Kulon Peninsula. Data on movement pattern was collected according to trajectory scheme. Activ sites was compiled from sample plot, while behavioral pattern was captured and identified from video trap data in 2011 and compiled into an ethogram. SIT aspect was acquaired by interview and quitionnare. Minimum outer convex polygon was used for home range calculation, and analysis binomial regression was used to determined characteristic of rhino activity sites while descriptive analysis was used to determined behavioral pattern and SIT design. Javan rhino movement patterns tend to use the same track regularly and create a polygonal pattern. Movement is influence by sex, age and availibity of ideal habitat. Male javan rhino has a larger home range than female, and home range of an independent female rhino is larger than females with calf. Characteristic of rhino activity sites are different between feeding, dung, wallowing and resting places. This research found that the javan rhino active mostly during the night, while wallowing is mainly during the day. Recomendation for SIT design base on javan rhino movement pattern are : a) observation bathing activities of javan rhino on the beach by camping, b) observation bathing activities in the river by canoeing, c) observation wallowing and/or bathing activities by using rangoon