Analysis of Land and Forest Fires Hazard Zonation in Spatial Planning (Case Study in Palangka Raya City, Central Kalimantan Province).

Abstract

In the city of Palangka Raya, land and forest fires are occurred almost every year during the dry season. These conditions resulted in damage and loss in terms of economic, social and environment that will inhibit the rate of development in Palangka Raya city so that necessary control measures against land and forest fires. This study has four main objectives that include the following: (1) to identify the characteristics of land and forest fires; (2) to identify factors influencing land and forest fires; (3) to identify land and forest fires hazard zone; (4) to formulate the direction of land and forest fire prevention. The Characteristics location of land and forest fires, factors influencing land and forest fires and land and forest fires hazard zone processed and analyzes using remote sensing technology approaches and statistical method and integrating Geographical Information System (GIS) with Composite Mapping Analysis (CMA). Human activites influencing land and forest fires obtained from interviews based questionnaire and analyzed using pairwise comparison. Based on logistic regression analysis of the 8 variables encompass human activities and supporting conditions, consisting of distance to roads, distance to rivers, distance ti settlements, land cover, population density, rainfall, soil type and slope. Human activites are the main factor influencing the land and forest fires. In terms of spatial consist of distance to roads, land cover and population density. Based on the results of interviews were analyzed using the method of pairwise comparison, the tendency of burning land is land acquisition without adequate financial ability The results of the analysis of land and forest fire hazard zone using CMA with three parameter influencing land and forest fires produce model accuracy by 80,00 % with low hazard area covering 103.347 ha (39 %), moderate hazard area covering 130.681 ha (49 %) and high hazard area covering 33.824 ha. Based on land and forest fires hazard zone with high hazard, there are 11 referrals location of land and forest fires prevention spread over 5 districts. The characteristics location of land and forest fire hazard zone with high hazard located at region of production forest, region of production development, region of settlement, and using other, distance to roads < 1 km, population density 11 – 100 jiwa/km2, swamp – shrubs and histosol that has degraded (overdrain) with slope < 2%. The prevention policy of land and forest fires in administration area of Palangka Raya City is prohibition of burning land and forest. The policy of controlled burning is applied to agriculture activities undertaken by indigenous or traditional people. According to land and forest fire hazard zone, land and forest fires prevention strategies that can be done is the development of information media, preparation of water sources, canal blocking, education, community empowernment and law enforcement.