Peran Lembaga Adat Sasi dalam Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Dusun di Negeri Allang Kecamatan Leihitu Barat, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah

Abstract

The practice of community-based forest resource management through agroforestry management system which is a form of traditional farming systems in forest management has long been entrenched in the community. Local knowledge systems are different from each other even though according to the socio-cultural conditions and local ecosystems, but in general the system of knowledge and local resource management is always growing and evolving continuously from generation to generation in Maluku which include: Ambon Island , Seram Island, and Lease Islands, planting techniques is already a tradition of community forest management, known by the term hamlet. Hamlet is a term commonly used in the management of community forests by planting a variety of techniques, and has a high level of diversity (Ajawaila, 1996). Hamlet in general systems in practice, the public has a legal device in the form of customary rules very well in regulating land tenure, as well as managing the results that have been cultivated crops. Forest tenure traditionally been governed by clan groups or so-called eye home / home know that a whole kinship society consisting of several households using family names form the same clan in a country. As for the harvesting of forest products and crops, there is also the management tools that are integrated with the community since the first, in the form of restrictions governing access to the Community in the forest and plants in the specified period with a view to harvesting at the right time. This study aimed to 1) assess the shape and role of traditional institutions in managing resources Allang Affairs hamlet, 2) describe the role of the state in managing the resource Allang his village, 3) describe the level of public understanding of the rule sasi Allang country. The research activities carried out in August 2012. Places of research and data collection in the State Allang, District Leihitu West, Central Maluku regency, Maluku Province. The data used in this study is primary data and secondary data. Primary data is data obtained through in-depth research to society Allang country, field measurements to determine the performance of the hamlet and direct observations to obtain more detailed information. Secondary data is data relating to the state of the physical environment, socio-economic communities and other data related to the object of the study is available in the country Allang. Primary data was sourced from formal and informal respondents. Respondents formal like a king, priest and church council, kewang head and members. While respondents are informal community leaders (elders) and members of the local community. Data was collected using in-depth interviews, participant observation and field measurement. The results showed that the shape of the State Allang customary institutions in organizing and managing resources saniri hamlet consisting of State, King / Starch, kewang, Head of soa, marinyo and community participation. Sasi customary institutions that play a role in organizing and managing resources in the country hamlet Allang the state government, kewang and church council. Local institutions in the country play a very effective set Allang tenure and utilization of shared or individual to resources dusun dati, pusaka dati, dusun sanimu, dusun lenyap, dusun pembelian and dusun perusahaan. This is reflected in setting clear authority between agencies and churches in Kewang Sasi enforcement of the rules of the church. It is also reflected in the attitude of people who strongly believe (trust), understand and adhere to the rules established by the church kewang institutions. Although tenure and utilization of each village is different, but still provide good performance implications for each hamlet. This is because people Allang strongly believe, understand and adhere to the rules of sasi (sasi negeri and sasi gereja) are enforced by the kewang.