Hama dan penyakit tanaman terung (Solanum melongena L.) di Kecamatan Rancabungur, Kabupaten Bogor

Abstract

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is a vegetable crop that quite common cultivated in Indonesia. The consumption level of eggplant increases from year to year. There are few information on pests and diseases of the crop in Indonesia. However, pests and diseases become potentially problem in the future when the crop is grown widely. The objective of this research was to obtain information about pest and disease occurrences found in eggplant growing area in Rancabungur their population or damage level. The research method included observation, sampling of the pests and diseases at two eggplant areas, and laboratory identification of the causal agents. The eggplant vegetative and generative growth phases were observed in the same area and period of time. There are some pests found predominantly in eggplant at high population i.e. Empoasca sp. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and Epilachna sp. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), whereas Valanga sp. (Orthophtera: Acrididae) (low population), Acherontia sp. (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae), Bactrocera spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae), Mictis longicornis (Hemiptera: Coreidae), and Aulacophora sp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) were at low population. Eggplant’s diseases found at high incidence in the area were fruit rot (Phomopsis sp.) and anthracnose (Colletotrichum sp.), whereas leaf spot (Alternaria sp.) and bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) were at low incidence. All of those pests and diseases, except Bactrocera spp., caterpillar, fruit rot, and anthracnose found at both growth phase of the plant. Fruit rot, and anthracnose were the most important diseases of eggplant at generative phase with the intensity about 47.09% and 40.84%.