Testing Of Structural and Electrical Properties of Silicon Dioxide and Silicon from Rice Husk

Abstract

Rice husk charcoal is known to contain 93.67% of silicon dioxide and has the potential to produce silicon. This study produced silicon dioxide and silicon, that had been tested for the electrical and structural properties. Incineration process of rice husk charcoal was performed in a furnace at a temperature of 400 oC for 2 hours and 1000 oC for 1 hour, with the increase rate of 5 oC/minute. The incineration yield then washed with HCl 3% (12 ml HCl 3% for 1 grams of rice husk ash), and heated using hotplate and magnetic stirrer, with a speed of 240 rpm for 2 hours at 200 oC. Furthermore sample washed repeatedly using hot distilled water until free of acid, then reheated in a furnace to produce silicon dioxide. Silicon dioxide produced approximately 5.6 to 6.8 grams of 10 grams of rice husk charcoal. The silicon dioxide then mixed with reductor (magnesium powder), using comparisons based on stoikhiometri, afterwards heated in a furnace for 1 hour with a temperature of 650 oC. Based on the results of XRD analysis, the crystallinity of silicon dioxide reaches 75.85 to 83.28% and silicon with value of 53.34%. XRD analysis showed that the silicon dioxide structure is tetragonal with lattice constants a = 12.45 Å and c = 111.77 Å, while the silicon has cube structural with lattice constants a = 5.27 Å. SEM results showed that the silicon dioxide has the smoother surface and the silicon had formed a crystal structure. EDX results for silicon dioxide of about 77.88 to 81.64% and silicon 42.29%. Analysis of electrical properties was performed using the LCR meter and I-V meter, and was known that the silicon dioxide and silicon have the characteristic of semiconductor, where the electrical conductivity of silicon has a value higher than silicon dioxide. The I-V curves showed that silicon dioxide is a diode, while the diode is a resistor.