Efisiensi Penularan Cucumber mosaic virus, Zucchini yellow mosaic virus, dan Squash mosaic virus Melalui Benih Cucurbitacea

Abstract

Seed-transmitted viruses have been known to cause negative effect on seed germination and seedling growth and may cause disease spread more widely in the field. Research was conducted to identify seed-transmitted viruses from Cucurbitaceae and to study their potential role as primary inoculum in the field. Cucurbitaceae seeds used in the experiment i.e. cucumber, bottle gourd, watermelon, zucchini, melon, and kabocha were obtained from commercial seeds available in the market. Evaluation of seed-transmitted viruses was done using growing on test method. I-ELISA and DIBA was used for detection of virus infection. Three viruses i.e. CMV, SqMV, and ZYMV were detected from cucumber field in Situgede, Dramaga, Bogor. CMV was detected from melon variety Kinanti and zucchini seed (2%) as well as from kabocha seed (12%). SqMV was detected 80%, 6%, and 2% from cucumber, melon variety Kinanti and bottle gourd seeds, respectively. Virus infection was detected in seedling up to 5 weeks after transplanting, i.e. CMV in kabocha and SqMV in cucumber. This results indicated the potential role of seed-transmitted viruses as primary inoculums in the field