Induksi Kantong dengan Perlakuan Berbagai Konsentrasi Media Murashige & Skoog pada Beberapa Ukuran Eksplan Kantong Semar (Nepenthes gracilis Korth.) secara In Vitro

Abstract

Nepenthes is a plant species which is classified as a unique ornamental plant that has the capability of adaptation to environments with poor nutrients by forming pitcher (Mansur 2007). Nepenthes gracilis is an example of Nepenthes species with high capability of adaptation. Nepenthes have benefits as medicinal and unique ornamental plant. This uniqueness lies in the pitcher which is a modification of the center part of the leaf. Pitcher as the most widely used part is a form of adaptation by Nepenthes, and it is not yet known for certain how the induction of the formation of a pitcher. Therefore, the research to know the response of pitcher formation in various concentrations of Murashige & Skoog medium on multiple size of N. gracilis Korth explants is needed. The aim of this research is to study the response of pitcher formation on various concentration of Murashige & Skoog medium on multiple size of N. gracilis Korth explants. This research was conducted on June until December 2012 at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, Center for Plant Conservation, Bogor Botanical Garden. The treatment in this study is the concentration of MS basic medium and explant size. The concentration of MS basic medium which is used are 1/2MS, 1/4MS, 1/8MS, 1/16MS and 1/32MS. The explant size of N. gracilis are < 2 cm, 2-4 cm and > 4 cm. Routine observations was done for 12 MSP and visual observations was done until December 2012. Parameter measurement which is observed every week are plant height, number of leaves and number of pitcher. Parameter measurement which is observed at the end of observation are the color of the leaf, the color of the pitcher, and the percentage of living and pitched planlet. The result shows that the concentration of MS basic medium and explant size influenced the number of leaves, explant height, and the number of pitcher. The concentration of 1/2MS and 1/4MS with the explant size < 2 cm, and 1/8MS with explant size 2-4 cm are treatments that gave the best influence on the formation of pitchers. Those treatments shows the average of the highest pitcher formation which is 3,00 to 3,50 pitchers.