Efisiensi usahatani padi antar wilayah sentra produksi di indonesia: pendekatan stochastic metafrontier production function

Abstract

Productivity and efficiency is needed to attain rice self sufficency. However, productivity at both national and provincial tends to be at leveling off level. This is closed related to technical, allocative, and economic efficiency as the main issues of this research. To answer these issues, this study aimed at analyzing rice production efficiency using stochastic metafrontier production and stochastic inefficiency frontier. This study utilized PATANAS data from PSE-KP. The number of observation was 592. The result imply that land and seed were very essential in every province while other input had various influence to production. All provinces had achieved high technical efficiency (more than 0.8 especially West Java more than 0.9). However, if it was compared with national potential, there was still technological gap which revealed that room to increase efficiency (28.84%) was still high. Quality of seed and land ownership status is very influential to efficiency. Almost all provinces got lower allocative efficiency than technical efficiency so that profit maximum couldn’t be reached. As policy implication, government need to support land expansion, seed innovation, irrigation system rehabilitation and to revise output and input price policy so that farmer welfare can be increased. Land expansion can be realized by increasing land rent access through land market policy and reducing the number of farmer as farm manager through making available of non farms job opportunity. Besides that, it is needed reorientation from production to profit oriented through minimum profit policy. Hence, rice self sufficiency can be maintained without push farmer welfare away. In very long run period, technology breakthrough especially in seed which adaptive for different season is very important.