Aktivitas Insektisida Campuran Ekstrak Buah Piper aduncum (Piperaceae) dan Sapindus rarak (Sapindaceae) terhadap Larva Crocidolomia pavonana

Abstract

Crocidolomia pavonana is an important pest of Brassicaceous vegetable crops. Piper aduncum and Sapindus rarak fruit extracts are potential for the control of C. pavonana larvae. Insecticidal activity of P. aduncum and S. rarak fruit extracts as well as their mixtures was evaluated against C. pavonana larvae in the laboratory. Ethyl acetate P. aduncum (EtPa) extract as well as methanolic S. rarak (MeSr) and aqueous S. rarak (AqSr) extracts were tested separately and in mixtures against second-instar larvae C. pavonana by a leaf-residue feeding method. In general, mortality of C. pavonana larvae in the treatment with all test extracts increased sharply between 24 and 48 hours after treatment (HAT). Based on LC50 and LC95 at 72 HAT, EtPa extract was about 7.7 and 8.1 times and 14.5 and 12.8 times, respectively, more toxic to C. pavonana larvae than MeSr and AqSr extracts. At LC95 level, EtPa + MeSr extract mixture (1:10 w/w) was about 1.64 times more toxic to the test larvae than EtPa + AqSr extract mixture (1:10 w/w). Based on combination index at 48, 72, and 96 HAT assessment, EtPa and MeSr extract mixture at LC50 level as well as EtPa and AqSr extract mixture at LC50 and LC95 levels had additive joint action, while EtPa and MeSr extract mixture at LC95 was weakly synergistic. In addition to lethal effect, the treatment with all test materials delayed the development of C. pavonana larvae from second-instar to fourth instar. Thus, EtPa, MeSr, and AqSr extracts as well as the mixtures between EtPa and S. rarak extracts are potential alternatives for the control of C. pavonana pest.