The Socio economic development of the buffer zone community of Gunung Ciremai National Park

Abstract

The objectives of this research are, first, to explore in-depth the problems and the socio economic conditions of the community living in the buffer zone of Gunung Ciremai National Park (GCNP). Second, to simulate and analyze the impact of the agroforestry and ecotourism development to local labor absorption, income and forest cover. Third, to formulate the strategy for socio economic development of the buffer zone’s Park. The research carried out in the five villages located at the buffer zone of the GCNP. Data were obtained through field survey by interviewing several amount of respondents, direct field observations, focus group discussion and secondary data collections. Data were analyzed through supply and demand analysis, descriptive analysis, stakeholder’s analysis, and dynamic system analysis. Three scenarios are simulating in the last mentioned analysis i.e. business as usual, moderate and optimist scenario. Regarding the first objective, the existing socio economic conditions of the buffer zone’s Park are describe as follows. First, most of the community living in the buffer zone work as land owner-farmer or labor-farmer and educated from elementary school. Second, the agroforestry activities contribute up to 56 percent of the total household income whereas, the ecotourism contribute to amount of 41 percent. Third, the attitude of the local people toward national park conservation is considered low due to fewer park’s benefit perceived by the local people. Concerning the second objective of the research, the optimist scenario is the best path way for developing the future socio-economic conditions of the buffer zone. However, with regards to third objective of the research, the best strategy for developing the socio economic conditions of the buffer zone is through improving the infrastructure facilities for ecotourism, intensifying the frequency of agroforestry extension, sustained local community assistance as well as enhancing local community participation toward ecotourism and agroforestry development.