Anatomi Otot Daerah Bahu dan Lengan Atas Badak Sumatera (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis)

Abstract

The study was aimed to observe the muscle anatomy of the shoulder and upper arm region of the Sumatran rhino, including their origins and insertions in order to describe the functions of the muscles and compare with other animals. This study was used one samples of Sumatran rhino preserved in 10% formaline. The muscles were observed macroscopically after the skin was incised and opened. The origins and insertions of the muscles were determined by dissecting the fascia and the muscles. The name of muscles based on Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria (ICVGAN 2005) and results were documented by photograph. The muscles found in shoulder and upper arm region were the trapezius, brachiocephalicus, latissimus dorsi, serratus ventralis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis, rhomboideus, superficial pectoral, deep pectoral, teres major, deltoideus, triceps brachii, tensor fascia antebrachii, coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, and brachialis. The results showed that generally the Sumatran rhino’s muscles were quite similar to that of a pig, horse, and babirusa. However, there were differences in muscle structure especially in the rhomboideus, serratus ventralis, superficial pectoral, deep pectoral, deltoideus, infraspinatus, and biceps brachii muscles. The differences were related to the adaptation of Sumatran rhino’s large body and their behavior.