Sustainable Analysis Of Tidal Region Transmigration (Study Of Household Income Stucture And Carrying Capacity In Two Villages In The District Of Banyuasin, South Sumatera)

Abstract

Since 1970 the transmigration area in the District of Banyuasin opened, the population increased and as a result of that activities of the local community certainly provided a change to the area sustainability condition. This study aims to analyze the sustainability of the tidal area transmigration by analyzing the economic security conditions (structure of household income and welfare status), assessing the tidal land carrying capacity, and identifying the eco-social conditions existed. This study is expected to provide knowledge to the public, academics and researchers and policy makers is a transmigration area can be developed or not. The method used is the calculation of household income in the form of On Farm, OF Farm and Non Farm income, calculation of tidal land carrying capacity, calculations of agrarian density and the ability to support the life and descriptive identification of eco-social conditions. Result from the both studied villages (Mekar Sari and Telang Rejo) showed that a shift in household livelihoods from the main activities of the agricultural food (On Farm) to other activities (Non Farm), the contribution of income from additional livelihood activities of non-Farm were 57.98% and 63.04% in the villages Mekar Sari and Telang Rejo respectively, this indicates a possible further decline in the focus of the main livelihood On Farm, which is certainly threaten the sustainability of this area as a buffer food. Results of land Carrying Capacity Assessment in the district Banyuasin and sub-district Muara Telang were deficit (CCR <1), where the CCR estimated for district by 0.4 and for sub-district by 0.6, in other words this means it is no longer possible to construct expansive and exploratory land construction, while Mekar Sari (1.018) and Telang Rejo (0.021) villages on alert status, which means there is a balance between the land carrying capacity and the population existence. Results of ecological conditions identification, showed a reduce in forest cover due to land clearing for agriculture and settlements and infrastructure development, thus the conservation and reforestation efforts are in need. Results of the social conditions identification was indicated this area is quite conducive, institutional village were developed, but not yet have a marketing corporation of their agricultural products at the village level. Reflection results of the conceptual theory from Christaller and Von Thunen suggests that the two villages were not able to be a new development center and give spread effect at economic activity for the surrounding hinterland. Policy implications that recommended from of this study results is this area prospected to developed as a buffer food if the Non Farm activities redirected to agriculture-based-food industry, as well as the need for ground transportation access and agricultural marketing agencies.